... methylcytosine cells, chromatin ofpluripotentcells appears to have unique features, such as the increased mobility of many structural chromatin proteins, including histones and heterochromatin protein ... signatures Cell Stem Cell 2009, 5:111-123 93 Chin MH, Pellegrini M, Plath K, Lowry WE: Molecular analyses ofhumaninducedpluripotentstemcellsandembryonicstemcells Cell Stem Cell 2010, ... Schlaeger T, Daley GQ, Feinberg AP: Differential methylation of tissue- and cancer-specific CpG island shores distinguishes humaninducedpluripotentstem cells, embryonicstemcellsand fibroblasts Nat...
... expression inembryonicstemcells suggest they are involved in maintaining "stemness" Identifying mRNAs that are directly targeted by a specific miRNA is a major obstacle in understanding the miRNA ... greater in hES cells than in EB cellsand it was not even detected in adult cells The expression of miR-520b was 26-fold greater in hES cells then in EB cells (P < 0.05) and it was detected only in ... names ofhumanembryonicstem (hES) cells lines P denoted the number of passages of the cell lines H9-EB denoted embryoid body (EB) prepared from cell line H9 and the day indicates the time in culture...
... classes ofpluripotentstemcellsin humans, other primates and mice These are embryonicstem cells, embryonic germ cells, embryonic carcinoma cellsand recently the discovery of a fourth class ofpluripotent ... categories ofcells make up the human body viz., germ cells, somatic cellsandstemcells Somatic cells include the bulk of the cells that make up the human adult and each of these cellsin their ... brain (neuronal stem cells) , skin (epidermal stem cells) , eye (retinal stem cells) and gut (intestinal crypt stem cells) (Spradling et al 2001) However, 15 not all organs and tissues may contain...
... genes involved in endoderm differentiation of hESCs Table 5.1 Available information on knock-out phenotypes in the mouse vii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 Embryonic origin ofhumanembryonicstemcells ... studies detailing the derivation and maintenance ofinducedpluripotentstem (iPS) cells (Takahashi et al 2007; Takahashi and Yamanaka 2006) iPS cells are generated from mouse andhuman adult fibroblasts ... clinical applications and ensuring acceptance of the transplant and preventing rejection by the recipient’s immune system remain Harnessing and understanding the differentiation potential of...
... pluripotency inhuman ES cells LIN28, an RNA binding protein, contains three RNA binding domains: one coldshock domain at the N terminus and two CCHC-type zinc finger domains at the C terminus It ... WNT wingless-type MMTV integration site family Page X Chapter Introduction 1.1 Humanembryonicstemcells 1.1.1 Overview and characteristics ofhumanembryonicstemcellsEmbryonicstem (ES) cells ... Regulatory networks and transcription factors inhuman ES cells 1.1.3 Inducedpluripotentstemcells 1.1.4 Human embryonal carcinoma cells Transcriptome studies ofhuman ES cells 1.2.1 DNA Microarray...
... a feederlayerof mitomycin C-inactivated murine embryonic fibroblast feeder (MEF) cells [7, 8] These were harvested from CF1 inbred mouse strain purchased from Charles River Laboratories Inc ... pre-equilibrated culture media [15, 16] Indeed, minimizing low temperature exposure ofhuman embryos and oocytes is a critical factor in determining the success of clinical assisted reproduction [15, ... cannot be said ofhuman embryos, which are much less robust and hardy compared to mouse embryos Hence laboratories involved in handling human embryos in clinical assisted reproduction often have...
... fluorescent protein ES cells FBS hES cellsembryonicstemcells fetal bovine serum humanembryonicstemcells HIV human immunodeficiency virus HSV herpes simplex virus ITR inverted terminal repeat ... benefits of genetic manipulation include controlling differentiation of ES cells, screening and acquiring pure populations of specific types of ES cell-derived cells, altering antigenicity ofcells ... MODIFICATION OFHUMANEMBRYONICSTEMCELLS DU JUAN (B Sc.) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE AND INSTITUTE OF...
... understanding of the mechanism underlying the lineage specific differentiation of hES cells is mandatory 1.5 HumanEmbryonicstemcells As the name suggests, the humanembryonicstemcells are ... Culture and maintenance ofHumanEmbryonicStemCellsHumanembryonicstemcells (hESCs) used in this study were the H1 cell lines (isolated and established at the University of Wisconsin) with ... hFOB H & E staining (d) hFOB von Kossa staining Scaffold (e) hFOB H & E staining Figure At 2-week time point: H&E staining and von Kossa staining of sections showing scaffold andcells (e) hFOB...
... triangles-kinase, circles-others) A solid line indicates a direct interaction while a dashed line indicates an indirect interaction A line without an arrowhead indicates binding and a plus sign indicates ... triangles-kinase, circles-others) A solid line indicates a direct interaction while a dashed line indicates an indirect interaction A line without an arrowhead indicates binding and a plus sign indicates ... triangles-kinase, circles-others) A solid line indicates a direct interaction while a dashed line indicates an indirect interaction A line without an arrowhead indicates binding and a plus sign indicates...
... or remained uninfected For comparison, an additional set of untransduced recombinant human protein controls were maintained, which were culturedin the presence of 10 ng/mL TGFβ1 protein, or ... primary MSCs and to investigate whether levels and extent of hypertrophy in vitro is influenced by the choice of transgene Materials and methods Construction and preparation of recombinant adenoviral ... defects in humans [5,6] However, to date, the delivery of MSCs into cartilaginous lesions has neither clinically nor experimentally resulted in sustained regeneration of hyaline cartilage in vivo...
... systems that include humanfeeder systems, complete feeder- freeand xeno -free systems Richards et al., 2002 reported the first establishment ofhumanfeeder supported culture of hESCs in xeno -free ... potential of hESCs for cartilage regeneration and tissue engineering 2.2.1 Expansion of hESCs Humanembryonicstemcells are conventionally co -cultured on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feedercells ... Immunofluorescence (IF) staining………………………………… 53 3.7.2 Staining of tissue specimens……………………………………… 54 3.7.2.1 Processing of tissue specimens…………………………………… 54 3.7.2.2 Haematoxylin and eosin staining…………………………………...
... culture feeding 3.2.3 HumanembryonicstemcellsandinducedpluripotentstemcellsHumanembryonicstem cell line HES-3 (46, XX) was from ES Cell International (Singapore, http://www.escellinternational.com) ... (Ben-Nun and Benvenisty, 2006; Dvash et al., 2006) 2.7 EmbryonicstemcellsandinducedpluripotentstemcellsEmbryonicstemcells (ESC) have two characteristics that distinguish them from other stem ... Immunoflourescent staining of neural stem cell marker Nestin in SHH-CM and Control-CM treated EB Middle panel shows corresponding DAPI nuclear staining in blue and right panel shows corresponding...
... chromatin structure modifications and factor recruitment at the murine b-globin locus in uninduced embryonicstemcells (day 0), as well as that of primitive and definitive erythroid cells (days and ... could maintain a small accessible region in the globin locus during the differentiation of hematopoietic stemcells to erythroid cells Transcription of HS3 could be important in maintaining this ... cellsandinhuman hematopoietic progenitor cells Discussion B Fig Transcription of LCR hypersensitive site in undifferentiated murine embryonicstemcellsandinhuman CD 133+ bone marrow cells...
... characterization of transplanted cells derived from human ES cells We induced differentiation ofhuman ES cellsin an in vitro two-dimensional culture on OP9 stromal cell line and examined the expression of ... VE-cadherin and VEGF-R2 expression on human ES cells during differentiation on an OP9 feederlayer VE-cadherin+VEGF-R2+TRA-1- cells are indicated by the boxed areas B, Morphologyof the VE-cadherin+ cells ... VEGF-R2-positive cellsinduced from undifferentiated mouse embryonicstem (ES) cells can differentiate into both VE-cadherin-positive endothelial cells (ECs) and αSMA-positive mural cells (MCs), and these...
... limitation of adult stemcells is their inability to effectively grow inHumanembryonicstemcellsand therapeutic cloning culture Therefore, obtaining clinically significant amounts of adult stemcells ... to eliminate these animal-derived components and to culture hES cells on feeder- freeconditions or humanfeedercells for safe transplantation ofhuman ES cells The use of feeder- free systems, ... J Humanfeeder layers for humanembryonicstemcells Biol Reprod 2003, 68, 21502156 Amit M, Shariki C, Margulets V, Itskovitz-Eldor J Feeder layer- and serum -free culture ofhumanembryonic stem...
... Research and Therapy 2008, 5:1 demonstrated the ability of hES cells to differentiate into a myriad of cell types that include neurons, hematopoietic cells, cardiomyocytes, and insulin-secreting cells, ... towards expanding the use of hES cells for novel applications In this regard, the ability to generate cellsof the hematopoietic system has considerable potential in several areas of clinical and experimental ... bloodstream and lymphatics [12,13] They are found in almost every organ as sentinels of the immune system In innate immunity, DCs function via type-1 interferon activation of both macrophges and NK cells...
... expression of insulin and proinsulin in stage IV cells Quantification of IHC staining shows FN and LAM increases the percentage of (B) proinsulin, and (C) insulin positive cells (mean ± S.D.; ** indicates ... differentiation with increases in insulin and Glut2 gene expressions, proinsulin and insulin protein levels, accumulation of cytoplasmic granules including a, b, and δ granules, and insulin release in response ... effects of adding ECM such as FN and LAM on the expression of Insulin and Glucose transporter (Glut2) genes and proinsulin and insulin protein levels We further clarified the underlying mechanism...
... Cytokines and BMP-4 promote hematopoietic differentiation ofhuman embryonicstemcells Blood 2003, 102:906-915 Wang L, Li L, Menendez P, Cerdan C, Bhatia M: Humanembryonicstemcells maintained in ... germ layers during embryonic development [2-4] Several pluripotent hES cell lines have so far been derived from the inner cell mass ofhuman blastocysts and can be cultured indefinitely in an ... embryonicstemcells using lentiviral vectors Stemcells 2003, 21:111-117 Gropp M, Itsykson P, Singer O, Ben-Hur T, Reinhartz E, Galun E, Reubinoff BE: Stable genetic modification ofhumanembryonic stem...
... characterized, leaving a gap in our understanding of their molecular interactions with target cells and, thus, their role during early embryonic patterning and cell lineage commitment This is due, in part, ... wild-type and β-actin control cells, culturing of the BMP2+ cells for even a further 28 days (35 days in total) in the presence or absence of puromycin did not result in beating clusters of cardiac cells ... et al and GFAP Mouse kidney and small intestine were used as control tissues for Ksp-cadherin or E-cadherin and pan-cyokeratin staining, respectively Sudan Red and Alizarin Red S stainings Sudan...
... demonstrating the pivotal role of transcription factors in the maintaining and inducing the pluripotent cell state 1.1.1 The transcription factors OCT4, NANOG and SOX2 constitute the humanembryonicstem ... expressed inpluripotentstem cells, and is required for self-renewal of undifferentiated cells Zfp206 physically associates with both Oct4 and Sox2, and genome-wide mapping of Zfp206 binding sites in ... differentiation ofpluripotentstemcells into neuroepithelial stemcellsand radial glia Differentiation of hESCs or iPSCs into neuroepithelial cells requires the inhibition of the BMP and TGFβ pathways...