... hierarchy of types, the amount of data stored in the bilingual lexicon is minimal. The bilin- gual lexical rules presented here will further refine the idea of a tlink by minimizing the number of ... matches found in English-Spanish translationof PP's can be dealt with using ideas from cross-linguistic stud- ies of lexicalization patterns, and suggested a use of the relevant linguistic ... implementation of the mechanism to drive the bilingual lexical rules, the refining and testing of the semantic classification, the isolation of further regularities and the investigation of other...
... number of (non-linguistic) phrases, translate each phrase usinga phrase translation table, and allow for reordering of phrases in the output. No phrases may be droppedor added.We use a phrase translation ... Phrase Translation as a SubtaskIn this work, we consider both noun phrases and prepositional phrases, which we will refer to asNP/PPs. We include prepositionalphrases for anumber of reasons. ... Properties of NP/PP Translation We will now discuss the properties of NP/PP trans-lation that we exploit in order to improve our NP/PP translation subsystem. The first ofthese (compound-ing of words)...
... cification of the G. These criteria include the deverba- tive character of members of the preceding noun series, the deverbative character of the dependent of the P, the nominative case of a preceding ... knowledge of the syntactic function of word combinations is required, including a better understanding of noun/genitive noun combinations and of the differing functions of preposi- tional phrases. ... part -of- speech of words in con- text. Leaving aside the question of meaning, it is im- portant to take into account both the function of the prepositional phrase itself and the function of the pre-...
... and since one of the major foci of the study was to try to find general means of deciding attachment of PPs, individualization of these PPs was, at first, discounted. In some of the prior ... out of the 90 instances of locative PPs (this excludes those PPs that are called for by LP words) 8 re- quire further elaboration. Examples of further elaboration are permitting gapping out of ... Boston with ARRIVAL TIMES in Boston. 27 Empirical Study of Predictive Powers of Simple Attachment Schemes for Post-modifier PrepositionalPhrases Greg Whittemore Kathleen Ferrara Electronic...
... the issues relating to translation theory such as the definition of translation, translation strategies and translation procedures, technical translation, and translationof Neologisms will be ... issues relating to the translationof the terms. Firstly is the great usefulness of the methods of the translationof technical terms and Neologisms in the translationof the economic terms ... theory oftranslationof technical terms or translationof non- equivalence. The translator should take into account the appropriate procedures and strategies to gain the purpose of terminology translation. 3.2....
... 8 1.1. Translation theory 8 1.1.1. Definition oftranslation 8 1.1.2. Translation equivalence 8 1.1.2.1. The nature of equivalence in translation 9 1.1.2.2. Types of equivalence in translation ... translation AdaptationLiteral translation Free translation Faithful translation Idiomatic translation Semantic translation Communicative translation Word-for-word translation PART B: DEVELOPMENTChapter ... common types of equivalence in translationof Vietnamese cultural words.It also studies the translationof Vietnamese cultural words and translation methods employed in their translation by...
... procedures used in the translation of health insurance terms of non-equivalence group 19II.3.1. The translationof single terms – Old words with new senses 23II.3.2. The translationof compound terms ... The translation strategy which involves the deletion ofOF 26II.4. Concluding remark 26CHAPTER III: THE TRANSLATIONOF HEALTH INSURANCE TERMS OF NON-EQUIVALENCE GROUP 28III.1. The source of ... plans 29III.2.1. The translationof terms by transference procedure (the use of loan words) 30III.2.2. The translationof terms by paraphrase 32III.2.3. The translationof terms with communicative...
... content without the form of the original.3.7. Idiomatic translation This type oftranslation conveys the “message” of the original text. And with idiomatic translation, nuances of meaning are transmitted ... correlativeness of text, discourse and translation, method oftranslation and equivalence and technical translation. Chapter 2, the writer draws out some kinds of technical text she often translates, ... technical translator from institutional translation “Technical translation is one part of specialized translation; institutional translation, the area of politics, commerce, finance, government...
... Engineering is one of the most basic engineering sciences and technical translation makes much contribution to its development. Technical term translation is part of technical translation, so ... to draw out common translation strategies which can be applied in the English-Vietnamese translationof terms in materials for mechanical engineering. Hopefully, the result of the study would ... translation, so it plays an important role in the development of Mechanical Engineering.The thesis studies the English – Vietnamese translationof terms in the materials for Mechanical Engineering....
... 23CHAPTER II – THE TRANSLATIONOF EXHIBIT LABELS IN THE VIETNAM MUSEUM OF ETHNOGRAPHY 24I. THE CURRENT CONTEXT OFTRANSLATIONOF EXHIBIT LABELS IN THE VIETNAM MUSEUM OF ETHNOGRAPHY 24II. ... TRANSLATIONOF EXHIBIT LABELS IN VME 25II.1. Translation using loan words 25II.2. Translation by a more general word (superordinate) 26II.3. Translation by cultural substitution 27II.4. Translation ... UNIVERSITYCOLLEGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGESDEPARTMENT OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIESNguyễn Thị NhànA STUDY ON THE VIETNAMESE-ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF EXHIBIT LABELS IN THE VIETNAM MUSEUM OF ETHNOGRAPHY(Nghiên...
... thought of the problem (=He brought the problem to his mind)13. Ingredient, material: with, of, out of After verbs of “making”:with indicates an ingredient: You make a cake with eggs of and out of ... character of these propositions is shown off = ‘not on’; out of = ‘not in’c. Relative position: by, over, under, etcPrepositions may express the relative position of two objects or groups of objects:He ... consist of more than one word, including 3 sub-groups: Adverb of prep + prep( along with, as for, away from, out of, up to)Verb/adj/conjunction/etc + prep( owing to, due to, because of )Prep...
... are different levels of equivalence: equivalence in respect of context, of semantics, of grammar, of lexis. For the reason that the paper aims at studying the translationof terminology on credit ... English-Vietnamese translationof terminology on credit card - 29 -In face of these terms, Communicative translation can be taken as a good alternative for Literal translation. Communicative translation ... also plays an important role in the translationof credit card terminology. Most of terms rendered by the use of Sino-Vietnamese words are of standards required of Vietnamese terminology. ...