... explain, and predict the effects of visuals on reading comprehension, among them, the theory of mental models (Johnson-Laird [20]), the transmediation theory (Siegel [21]), the repetition ... distribution. In addition, t-tests were conducted to determine the existence of any significant differences in the translation task amongst the four groups. Regarding the scoring of the translation ... examine the effects of illustrations on reading comprehension, and the findings showed that the with-illustration groups outperformed the text-only group. With DCT as the basis for their theory,...