... addition, the symptoms of ovarian cancer, which include swelling of the abdomen, intestinal gas, and cramping, are oftenvague and lead to delayed detection and a highcase-fatality rate.125 The inability ... regarding pregnancyand childbearing, in particular, have both a personal and larger social impact ranging from the demographic characteristics of the populationto policy makers’ health care ... childbearing.125,136Treatment for ovarian cancer depends on the stage and the invasiveness of the tumor and age of the woman and may include removal of oneor both ovaries, lymph nodes, fallopian tubes,and a hysterectomy...