... 1.Let S be the set of all initial values x−1,x0 ∈ 0, ∞ × 0, ∞ such that the positive solutions {xn}∞n−1 of 1.1 are bounded. Then we have the following theorem.Theorem 3.6. ... 2.7. The proof of Lemma 2.3 is completed.3. Main ResultsIn this section, we investigate the boundedness ofsolutionsof 1.1.Letq>1 p>1, andlet {xn}∞n−1be a positive solution of ... Eventually, one of them is monotonically increasing, and the other is monotonicallydecreasing.Remark 3.3. Using arguments similar to ones in the proof of Lemma 3.2,Stevi´c provedTheorem 2 in...
... we have got the stability conditions right, we can forget about convergence.908 Numerical Solutionsofthe Black Scholes Equation The left-hand side ofthe heat equation, on the other hand, ... solution ofthe Kolmogorov backward equation; there-fore the binomial model is a graphical representation ofthe Kolmogorov equation. r The explicit difference method was introduced to solve the ... designated by the vector s0. The second column in the grid can therefore be obtained by using theequation Ap1= s0. And so the process can be repeated across the grid, merely by solving the equations...
... but also the fact that they are themselves solutions to asimilar system of equations. This allowed us to improve the exponent s, neededin the proof of well-posedness of equations of type (6),8to ... proof ofthe Main Theorem with the exception of those results whichconcern the asymptotic properties ofthe Ricci coefficients (the AsymptoticsTheorem), and the straightforward modifications ofthe ... right-handside of (14) vanishes identically. We make use of both the vanishing of the Ricci curvature of g and the wave coordinate condition (2). The other impor-tant new features are the use of energy...
... EM: On thesolutionsof a class of difference equations systems. DemonstratioMathematica. 41(1), :109–122 (2008)32. Elsayed, EM: On thesolutionsof a rational system of difference equations. ... positive solutionsofthe system of rational difference equa-tionsxn+1=1yn−k, yn+1=ynxn−myn−m−k.In [9], Zhang et al. investigated the behavior ofthe positive solutionsofthe system of ... behavior of a three-dimensional linear fractional system of difference equations. JMath Anal Appl. 310, 673–689 (2005)8. Özban, AY: On the positive solutionsofthe system of rational difference equationsxn+1=1yn−k,yn+1=ynxn−myn−m−k.....
... and rewarding, and the results about these equations offer prototypestowards the de velopment ofthe basic theory ofthe global behavior of nonlinear differ-ence equation s of a big order, recently, ... investigated the behavior ofthe solutions, HAE-M found thesolutionsofthe special cases and EMEls carriedout the theoretical proof and gave the examples. All authors read and approved the final ... every solution of Equation 2 converges to¯xProof: As the proof of Theorem 2 and will be omitted.Theorem 4 The equilibrium point¯x of Equation 1 is global attractor if c ≠ a.Proof: Let p, q...
... mentioning that the condit ions of our theorems are easily toverify, so they are applicable to a variety of problems, see Examples 4.1 and 4.2. The proof of our main resul ts is based upon the following ... equations.Toidentifyafew,wereferthereaderto[2-13] and the references therein.Fractional differential equations arise in many engineering and scientific disciplinesas the mathematical modeling of systems and processes in the fields of ph ... η)1 −βη, η}.Proof.Notethatu“ (t) ≤ 0, by applying the concavity of u,theproofiseasy.Soweomit it.3 Proofs of main theoremsDefine the operator T : C[0, 1] ® C[0, 1] as follows,Tu(t)=−t0(t...
... extension ofthe results of 8.Ifweputσ 0inthese theorems, the same results as Theorem 1 in 8 are obtained.We will prove Theorem 1.1a and b in Sections 3 and 4, respectively. The proof of Theorem ... parabolic equations on manifolds,” Duke MathematicalJournal, vol. 97, no. 3, pp. 515–539, 1999.10 Y W. Qi, The critical exponents of parabolic equations and blow-up in Rn,” Proceedings ofthe ... ≤−1. This p∗m,σis called the critical exponent.On the other hand, 6–9 and so on. study the inhomogeneous equations i.e., fx/≡ 0in 1.1.Bandleetal.6 study the case m 1, σ 0, and...
... years, the problem has attracted a great deal of people. Lions6 used the theory of maximal monotone operators to solve the existence of solution of the following problem:Δu 0, in Ω ×0,T, ... Journal of Qualitative Theory of Differential Equations, no. 13, pp. 1–20, 2008.30 E. Vitillaro, “On the Laplace equation with non-linear dynamical boundary conditions,” Proceedings of the London ... ArticleA Remark on the Blowup ofSolutions to the Laplace Equations with Nonlinear DynamicalBoundary ConditionsHongwei Zhang and Qingying HuDepartment of Mathematics, Henan University of Technology,...
... α∞n1nn−1s−qαe−qγsds1/q< ∞,thenΓ3u ∈ PAAXα.Proof. The proof is similar to that of Lemma 5.3 and hence omitted, though here we make use of the approximation 5.4 rather than 5.5.Throughout the rest ofthe ... the techniques of hyperbolic semigroups to study the existence of pseudo almost automorphic solutions to the class of partial hyperbolic differentialequations appearing in 1.3 and then to the ... automorphic solutions to the partial hyperbolic differential equations ofthe form 1.3 have recently been establishedin 12, 15–18, respectively. Though to the best of our knowledge, the existence of...
... this is crucial in the proof ofthe uniqueness of strong solutions. 3. Global existence of strong solutions In this section, we prove the global existence of strong solutions to the problem 1.2–1.7 ... completes the proof of Theorem 1.1 except the uniqueness assertion because ofthe presence of vacuum, which will be proved in the nextsection.4. Uniqueness and stability of strong solutions In ... and H. Kim, “Global existence ofthe radially symmetric solutionsofthe Navier-Stokesequations for the isentropic compressible fluids,” Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences, vol. 28,no....
... solution f ∈AN1,N2.Proof. The existence of 1.2 in AN1,N2 is given by Theorem 3.1, from the proof of Theorem 3.1,weseethatAN1,N2 is a closed subset of C1I,I,by3.12 and ... “Stability ofthe solution ofthe iterated equation ni1λifixFx,” Acta MathematicaScientia, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 421–424, 1988.4 W. N. Zhang, “Discussion on the differentiable solutionsof ... functional equations in the class of Lipschitz functions,”Aequationes Mathematicae, vol. 64, no. 1-2, pp. 24–33, 2002.7 X. P. Li, “A class of iterative equation on a Banach space,” Journal of Sichuan...
... carried out the mathematical calculations, participated in the interpretations ofthe results and drafted the manuscript. JJAG conceived of the study, participated in the analysis ofthe results ... prece-dence ofthe heat flux vector to the temperature gradi-ent at all. In fact, whether the heat flux vect or precedes the temperature gradient or not depends on the com-bined effects ofthe thermal ... a[m2.s-1] is the thermal diffusivity ofthe med-ium, and t = tq-tTis the difference ofthe phase lags. Equation 2 shows explicitly that the DPL and SPL mod-els, both in their exact form,...
... explicitly solved using the z-transform method. The connection ofthe solution ofthe discrete equivalent logistic equation with the solution of the logistic differential equation is discussed. ... meansunlike the known versions of discrete logistic equation such as 1.4. Thus, thesolutions of 1.8 are expected to have similar behavior with those ofthe differential logistic equation and not the ... differences ofthe discrete equivalent logistic equation and the well-known discrete analogue ofthe logistic equation are mentioned. It is hopedthat this discrete equivalent ofthe logistic equation...
... viscosity solutions. We consider the following two equations to get some results used for the existence anduniqueness of almost periodic viscosity solutions. That is, the Dirichlet problems ofthe ... studied the time periodic and almost periodic viscosity solutions of first-order Hamilton-Jacobi equations. Nunziante considered the existence and uniqueness of viscosity solutionsof parabolic equations ... .3.21Now we have the following.2 Boundary Value Problems the proof of existence of viscosity solutionsof first-order Hamilton-Jacobi equations, Crandallet al. had applications of Perron’s Method...
... M.2.23 The proof is complete.Remark 2.2. 1 The proofs of Lemma 2.1 and Theorem 1.1 draw on ideas from the proofs of Theorems 2.1 and 2.2 in 6.2 Consider the nonlinear difference equation xn1 ... difference equation and deal with the question of whether every positive solution of this equation converges to a periodic solution. Recently,there has been a lot of interest in studying the global ... limx→∞gxa. The main result of this paper is the following theorem.Theorem 1.1. Every positive solution of 1.1 converges to (not necessarily prime) a 2-periodic solu-tion.2. Proof of Theorem...