... Communicative LanguageTeaching is an approach that aims to (a) make communicative competence the goal oflanguageteaching and (b) develop procedures for the teachingof the four language skills ... 45Testing spoken English 44 Teaching writing 43 Teaching speaking 37Using dictation 20Using songs 20 Teaching listening 11TOPICS % Teaching listening 55 Teaching speaking 54 Teaching writing ... presents an overview of the definitions of techniques, methods, approaches and a history of methods/ approaches, and also introduces the definition, principles and techniques of the communicative...
... CONTENTSAcknowledgements iv List of abbreviations v Part 1: Introduction 1. Rationale of the study 12. Aims of the study 23. Methodsof the study 24. Scope of the study 25. Design of the study 2Part ... Introduction 41.2. An overview of techniques, methods and approaches 4 1.2.1. Definitions 4 1.2.2. History ofmethods / approaches 41.3. An overview of communicative languageteaching 5 1.3.1. Definition ... members of Postgraduate Department, College of Foreign Languages, VNU-Hanoi for their enthusiastic support.I am sincerely grateful to Mr. Đinh Tấn Bảo and my colleagues of Foreign Languages...
... 14 of the GCSE Subject Criteria for Englishlanguage ( Englishlanguage Criteria’) shall be revised as follows: X1.1 Paragraph 11 of the English Criteria and paragraph 13 of the English language ... of assessment of GCSE qualifications in English and/or English language for award of qualifications in 2014, 2015 and 2016, paragraphs 11 and 12 of the GCSE Subject Criteria for English ( English ... Removal of Speaking and Listening Assessment from GCSE English and GCSE EnglishLanguage Ofqual 2013 3 Background The current qualifications GCSE English and GCSE English language...
... of the Germanic o presents'. Language 35.1-15Cox, B. 1972. 'The significance of the distribution ofEnglish place-names in-ham in the Midlands and East Anglia'. Journal of ... of the English Place-NameSociety 5.15-731975. 'The place-names of the earliest English records'. Journal of the English Place-Name Society 8.12-661980. 'Aspects of place-name ... 'The Study of Old English Dialects'. Unpublished PhDdissertation. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina1986. 'The study of Old English dialects'. English Studies...
... a number of other297 Olga Fischerand/or the use of the subordinating particle pe help to decide the matter(see vol. I, section 4.5). In Early Middle English some of this Old English 'vagueness' ... perfect in Old English may also be partly a matter of the style andsubject matter of the extant manuscripts. Zimmermann has noted thatthe Middle English (plu)perfect occurs more often in colloquial ... pronoun of casten has beenleft out in spite of the fact that there is no syntactic antecedent. Thecontext, of course, makes clear that the subject is the people of the town (of Troy),...
... North-Western European Language EvolutionN&QPMLARESSAPSNTPSZAANotes and QueriesPublications of the Modern Language Association of AmericaReview of English StudiesStadia ... Essays on English Language in Honour of Bert il Sundby. Oslo: Novus.Brinton, L. J. (1981). The historical development of aspectual periphrasis in English. PhD Thesis. University of California. ... background of the grammatical structures of a different ('target') language. The result is usually simplification in grammatical complexity of the target language, especially in the area of...
... words of this kind illustrate theessential ‘GSR-ness’ of US English and the archaism of Hiberno -English: (62) US Southern English Hiberno -English rótate rotáte rotátemígrate migráte migráteéducate ... Hiberno -English keepsaccented -ate, -isein most forms (O Sé 1986), as do many South African vari-eties. Comparison of typical stressings for words of this kind illustrate theessential ‘GSR-ness’ of ... not through loss of a weak medial syllable, but through demotion of a former secondary stressed syllable to weak. As so often, the older, longerforms tend to remain in American English, the shorter...
... including the worldwide contacts of the English language – to the dawn of modern industrial society. Importantaspects of the world view changed: the medieval Great Chain of Beingfrom God down to man ... ‘administrator of a British colony’ to ‘elected head of astate of the Union’. Similarly, the Early Modern English sense of king,‘absolute monarch’, has in Britain been redefined as ‘(figure)head of gov-ernment’ ... of certain types of organisation or place’ and kingas ‘(the title of) the male ruler of a country, usually the son of a formerruler’ (see Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, s.v.governor,...
... exceptional types of spoken English. Texts scripted to bespoken exist in the form of sermons or plays – but of course they are notspecimens of spoken English. Finally, evidence of Early Modern English ... influence of Standard English on the dialects) is an important indicator of theinequality of the standard and various forms of non-standard language inEarly Modern English times, and also of the ... shepherds, writ no language. ’)Manfred Görlach510 One of the greatest limitations is that we have no authentic account of the syntax of the (various styles of ) spoken Englishof the time. All...
... as the sources of the English vocabulary, we have an incorrect account of the origins of English words since many words are composed in Englishof morphemes from classical languages. Every ... products of the Barnharts: The Barnhart Dictionary of New English since 1963, The Second Barnhart Dictionary of New English, and The Third Barnhart Dictionary of New English ... pronunciation of a form. 2.4.2 Grammatical shifts English has great freedom of shifting forms from one part of speech to another. Because of the sparse morphological marking for parts of speech,...
... has been demonstrated). Such cases of the bestowal of novel names remind us of the essential function of naming identified in the opening paragraphs of this chapter: individual reference. ... within a couple of lines of each other. 66 The verb B E is, of course, famously variable, but in Black English Vernacular and other dialects there is some use of invariant BE; ... Some of such items are appropriations of earlier names of various types (Kelly, Kerry, Shelley)-, and some are of hypocoristic origin: Annie, Carrie, Polly, Tammy, Terri) or of ...