... directly into the environment [13 , 14 ] The major routes by which the aforementioned environmental toxicants enter the body are through the skin, the lungs, and the gastrointestinal tract and they ... occurs in toxic environment 11 Chapter containing one or more carcinogens [ 31, 32] Hence, the information on the body burden of carcinogens provides evidence for malignant transformation 1. 7 Importance ... understanding of the origin and progress of a disease For detection and quantification of xenobiotics in complex biological samples, many sophisticated laboratory techniques, developed during the...