The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 1 pdf
The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 1 pdf
... [Ar]3d 10 4s 1 +I, +II, +III Fe [Ar]3d64s2 +II, +III, +IV, +V Nb [Kr]4d35s2 +III, +V Pb [Xe]4f 14 5d 10 6s26p2 +II, +IV Ti [Ar]3d24s2 +II, +III, +IV Tl [Xe]4f 14 5d 10 6s26p 1 ... ions. For the other elements in Table 3, we have considered the following stable oxidation states: La(+III), Y(+III), Ba( +II) , Sr( +II) , Bi(+III), Ca( +II) , Tl(+III), Hg( +II) and O( -II) . We verify ... Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3O9 + x 19 88 11 0 Shimakawa et al., 19 88 (10 ) HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8 + x 19 93 13 0 Schilling & Cantoni, 19 93 (11 ) NdFeAsO 1- x 2008 54 Yang et al., 2008 Table 1. Superconductors containing...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 2 pot
... reversible, the hysteresis rather small. 5. The difference in free energy of magnetized and normal superconductors was given by the area of the curve: ΔF = ∫МdH, The Discovery of Type II Superconductors ... superconductivity, the experimental side of the discovery of these superconductors, as far as the author knows, having been discussed only fragmentarily either at the early stages of the research (Burton, 19 34; ... 19 64; Mendelssohn, 19 66; Goodman, 19 66; De Gennes, 19 66; Saint-James et al., 19 69; Anderson, 19 69; Chandrasekhar, 19 69; Serin, 19 69; Hulm & Matthias, 19 80; Hulm et al., 19 81; Pippart, 19 87;...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 4 potx
... (Figs. 1e, f and g). We have prepared the p -type self-assembled Si-QWs with different density of holes (10 9 10 12 cm-2) on the Si (10 0) wafers of the n -type within frameworks of the conception ... p -type Si-QW - δ-barrier, on the n -type Si (10 0) surface. The MAR processes are of interest to be measured in the regime of coherent tunneling (Eisenstein et al., 19 91) in the studies of the ... confine the p -type Si-QW on the n -type Si (10 0) surface. (a) – 77 K; (b) – 4.2 K. Fig. 13 . Uxx vs the value of the magnetic field applied perpendicularly to the plane of the p- type Si-QW...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 6 doc
... Materials, 19 (10 ): 13 73 -13 76. Superconducting Properties of Carbonaceous Chemical Doped MgB2 12 1 Fig. 11 . SEM images of MgB2 (a), Mg 1. 15B2 (b), MgB2 +10 wt % SiC (c), Mg 1. 15B2 +10 ... Physical Review B, 71( 1): 012 504. Buzea, C. & Yamashita, T. (20 01) . Review of the superconducting properties of MgB2. Superconductor Science & Technology, 14 (11 ): R 115 -R146. Dou, S. X.; ... Superconductor 12 2 Fig. 12 . (Color online) Ambient Raman spectra of MgB2, Mg 1. 15B2, and MgxB2 +10 wt % SiC (x = 1. 00, 1. 15, 1. 20, 1. 25, and 1. 30) fitted with three peaks: ω 1 , ω2,...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 7 pptx
... 6x10 15 76.3 92.7 0 .10 0 1x10 16 < ;10 .0 - 0.055 Bi-2223: 0 11 2.0 12 2.0 0 .10 0 1x10 15 11 1.0 12 2.0 0 .10 0 2x10 15 10 8.0 12 2.0 0 .10 0 3x10 15 10 5.8 12 1.8 0 .10 0 4x10 15 10 3.6 12 1.6 ... dose of ~6x10 15 α/cm2 and the equivalent oxygen content is 0 .10 . Fig. 3. (a) Resistivity of unirradiated, 6x10 15 α/cm2 and (b) highest dose (1x10 16 α/cm2) of polycrystalline of ... Energies of particles were selected considering the optimisation of nuclear reaction of the projectile with the sample and the range of particles in the sample. In case of HTSC Bi-cuprates, the purpose...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 8 pot
... of vacancies per vacancy cluster) C (ppm) Bi-2 212 Unirradiated 2 2.63 1x10 15 2 2.57 2x10 15 2 1. 76 5x10 15 3 1. 06 8x10 15 1 4.26 1x10 16 1 6.37 Bi-2223 Unirradiated 1 5 .10 1x10 15 ... 1 5 .10 1x10 15 1 5.25 2x10 15 1 5.25 5x10 15 1 5.30 8x10 15 1 5.45 1x10 16 1 5.55 Table II. Defect Size (N) and Concentration ( C) in Bi-2 212 and Bi-2223 as a function of dose. Increase ... (μΩ-cm) Zero 38.7 25. 01 86.94 0.32 61. 93 1X10 13 38.6 22.47 67.57 0.26 45 .10 1X10 14 38.7 33. 71 124.60 0.48 90.89 1X10 15 38.0 39.94 13 9.46 0.52 99.52 Table III. linear with temperature...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 9 potx
... V 211 is the RE- 211 volume fraction and d 211 is the average size of the RE- 211 particles (Murakami 19 91) , Sandiumenge et al., 19 97). According to another model, this dependence is V 211 /√d 211 . ... under 1% partial pressure of O2. Note the uniform dispersion of fine 211 inclusions in the NEG -12 3 matrix. In such models the critical current density increases with the V 211 /d 211 ratio, ... of the Gd- 211 particles (see Fig. 2). As the formation temperature of Gd -12 3 is lowest among the four LRE -12 3, the small Gd- 211 particles cannot be consumed for the growth of Gd -12 3 and thus...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 10 ppt
... with 35 mol% Gd- 211 (the initial average particle size 70 nm) and 0 .1 mol% Nb2O5 the arrows point to some of the smallest, Nb-based, nanoparticles. The small Gd- 211 nanoparticles (≈20 nm) ... MoO3 nanoparticles. Figure 11 shows the temperature dependence of the dc magnetic susceptibility in the ZFC and FC modes in magnetic field of 1 mT for NEG -12 3 + 35 mol% Gd- 211 , 1 mol% CeO2, ... uniformity or on the shapes, packing and alignment of the regions and/or pores of the size larger than the resolution. Further development of the technique and improvement of the resolution is...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 11 pot
... 21 (2008) 11 5 017 Synthesis and Thermophysical Characterization of Bismuth based High-Tc Superconductors 259 80 10 0 12 0 14 0 16 0 18 00 10 2030405060Figure of Merit (Z x10-6 K -1 )Temperature ... to the improved sharpness of the transition related to the reduction of 50 10 0 15 0 200 250 3000.60.8 1. 0 1. 2 1. 4 1. 6 1. 82.02.22.4Temperature (K) λ (Wm -1 K -1 ) κ (mm2sec -1 ) ... 80 90 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 14 0-7-6-5-4-3-2 -1 0 1 Sint. time (Hrs) 96 12 0 14 4 16 8 216 Susceptibility χ/ (arb. units)Temperature (K) Fig. 4. Variation of ac susceptibility (real part) ,...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 12 docx
... patterns, 18 diffraction peaks are observed at 2θ= 22. 81, 27. 71, 27. 91, 30. 61, 32. 51, 32. 81, 38. 51, 40. 31, 46. 51, 47. 51, 51. 41, 52. 51, 54. 91, 58. 21, 58. 71, 62. 71, 68 .11 and 68. 71, corresponding to the ... (030), (12 0), (0 21) , (040), (13 0), (0 31) , (050), (13 1), (200), (002), (15 1), (16 0), (070), (16 1), (13 2), (2 41) , (260), and (0 81) planes of orthorhombic YBa2Cu3O7-x, respectively [10 ]. These ... size of the superconductors and the length of the c-axis of the unit cell of the system are highly effective on both of the first and second chaotic points of the superconducting system. 2. The...
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