... conditions present in the SBR As shear force has an important role inaerobicgranulation and granule stability, a minimum shear force seems necessary foraerobicgranulation It should be pointed out ... Technological University, Singapore With permission.) 2.2 AEROBICGRANULATION AT DIFFERENT SHEAR FORCES In a column-type sequencingbatch reactor (SBR) commonly employed for cultivation of aerobic granules, ... out that high shear force in terms of upflow air velocity required foraerobicgranulation will certainly increase the energy consumption for an aerobic granular sludge reactor For example, if an...
... 2002 Improving anaerobic sequencingbatch reactor performance by modifying operational parameters Water Res 36: 363–367 Tay, J H., Yang, S F., and Liu, Y 2002 Hydraulic selection pressure- induced ... would result in the lowest selectionpressure As a result, no nitrifying granulation was observed in the SBR run at the cycle time of 24 hours In fact, the absence of anaerobic granulation was ... hydraulic selection pressure, in order to avoid being washed out from the system, the nitrifying community has to regulate its metabolic pathway so as to maintain a balance with the external pressure...
... Selectionpressure is a driving force of aerobicgranulationinsequencingbatchreactors Process Biochem 39: 579–584 Schmidt, J E and Ahring, B K 1996 Granular sludge formation in upflow anaerobic ... Granulation at Different Settling Times 63 aerobicgranulationIn fact, absence of anaerobic granulationin the UASB reactors was observed at very weak hydraulic selectionpressurein terms of liquid upflow ... available 10 minutes As shown in equation 4.3, the minimum settling velocity, (Vs)min can be estimated as 2.4 m h–1 for settling time of 10 minutes and 12 m h–1 for minutes (McSwain et al 2005)...
... IS A SELECTIONPRESSUREFORAEROBICGRANULATION It appears from chapter that the settling time of SBR can serve as a selectionpressureforaerobic granulation, for example, at a short settling ... slightly different selection pressures in terms of minimum settling velocity of 0.6 and 0.7 m h–1 Even such a marginal difference in the minimum settling velocity could also result in distinct morphologies ... sludge formation in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors Biotechnol Bioeng 49: 229–246 Wang, Z.-W 2007 Insights into the mechanism of aerobicgranulationinsequencingbatch reactor Ph.D...
... determine aerobicgranulationin an SBR To develop a unified theoryforaerobicgranulationin SBRs, the role of discharge time inaerobicgranulation should be taken into account seriously 6.5 MAIN ... aerobicgranulationinsequencingbatchreactors Process Biochem 39: 579–584 Qin, L., Liu, Y., and Tay, J H 2004b Effect of settling time on aerobicgranulationinsequencingbatch reactor Biochem ... shear force is a primary inducer of aerobicgranulationin SBRs 6.4.3 FEAST-FAMINE REGIMEN An SBR is operated in a sequencing cycle of feeding, aeration, settling, and discharge of supernatant In...
... oxygen transfer in an aerobic granule-based sequencingbatch reactor Biochem Eng J 25: 201–207 Su, K Z and Yu, H Q 2006 A generalized model foraerobic granule-based sequencingbatch reactor I ... ratio on the formation of aerobic granules J Environ Eng 131: 86–92 Yang, S F., Liu, Q S., Tay, J H., and Liu, Y 2004 Growth kinetics of aerobic granules developed insequencingbatchreactors Lett ... highest substrate surface loading (24 g COD m–2) In fact, these are in good agreement with the Pirt maintenance theory, stating that more substrate will be used for maintenance purposes at lower...
... the increase in the size of aerobic granules, indicating that the microbial activity inside aerobic granules is inhibited as the granule size increases Moreover, the specific growth rate of aerobic ... the remaining depth in the aerobic granule is deficient in dissolved oxygen (DO) (figure 8.7c, d, and e) Zero DO depths inside the aerobic granules are in good agreement with those COD platforms ... Characterization and evaluation of aerobic granules in a sequencingbatch reactor J Biotechnol 105: 71–82 Laspidou, C S 2003 Modeling heterogeneous biofilms including active biomass, inert biomass and extracellular...
... Tay, J H 2004 Selectionpressure is a driving force of aerobicgranulationinsequencingbatchreactors Process Biochem 39: 579–584 Quarmby, J and Forster, C F 1995 An examination of the structure ... Hydrophobicity inAerobicGranulation 161 aerobicgranulation The hydraulic selectionpressure seems to induce changes in cell surface hydrophobicity, and a strong selectionpressure results in a more ... demonstrated that aerobicgranulation is a process driven by selectionpressurein SBRs Under strong selection pressures, only the good-settling and heavy sludge particles are retained in the reactor,...
... EPS inaerobicgranulation Di Iaconi et al (2006) reported that the main component of EPS inaerobic granular biomass in a sequencingbatch biofilter reactor was made of proteins, and proteinrich ... fill in the intercellular spaces in the microcolonies present inaerobic granules (Jiang, Tay and Tay 2002; McSwain et al 2005) It is most likely that EPS plays an important role in maintaining ... (VSS) in seed sludge to 51.4 and 5.9 mg g–1 VSS inaerobic granular sludge These results seem to imply that EPS are not involved inaerobicgranulationin this special case, but the reason behind...
... indicating a limiting number of live bacteria in the core part of the aerobic granule Similar observation was also reported by Toh et al (2003) and McSwain et al.(2005) In the study by McSwain ... Fluorescence viewed on granule cross section by staining with ConA for alpha-linked PS (a); calcofluor white for beta-linked PS (b); and FITC for protein (c) Scale bar: 200 μm (From Chen, M Y., Lee, ... they were within the reach of mass diffusion, while dead cells and anaerobes were mainly detected at the core of the aerobic granule, indicating an uneven microbial distribution inaerobic granules...
... shell of the aerobic granule (chapter 11) In fact, Toh et al (2003) investigated the viability of microflora residing inside aerobic granules using in situ DNA fluorescence staining, in which membrane ... shell of aerobic granules remained nearly unchanged before and after starvation This reveals the functional role of nonbiodegradable EPS in constructing and maintaining the spatial structure, integrity, ... the EPS produced in the feast phase would be used in the famine phase in order for microorganisms to overcome the energy constraint EPS biodegradation in the course of aerobicgranulation was...
... indicate that aerobicgranulation may not depend on calcium ion, that is, calcium ion is not essential foraerobicgranulationin SBRs Mahoney et al (1987) investigated anaerobic granulationin two ... calcium on aerobicgranulationinsequencingbatchreactors (SBRs) For this purpose, two SBRs were operated at the respective Ca2+ concentrations of zero and 100 mg L –1 It was found that aerobic ... evidence in figures 13.6, 13.7, and 13.9 point to the fact that calcium accumulation occurs only after aerobic granulation, and a crystal CaCO3 core is indeed not required foraerobicgranulation In...
... governing factor inaerobicgranulationin the SBR As shown in chapter 9, cell surface hydrophobicity plays a crucial role in the formation of biofilm and biogranules In a thermodynamic sense, increased ... exist in the present literature 14.3 INFLUENCE OF SHORT STARVATION ON AEROBIC GRANULES To offer in- depth insights into the role of starvation inaerobic granulation, Z.-W Wang et al (2006) investigated ... STARVATION ON AEROBICGRANULATION Q.-S Liu (2003) investigated the role of periodic starvation inaerobic granulation, and concluded that it has a positive effect on aerobicgranulationin SBRs, as...
... polymeric substances on aerobicgranulationinsequencingbatchreactors Chemosphere 63: 1728–1735 Wang, Z.-W 2007 Insights into mechanism of aerobicgranulationin a sequencingbatch reactor Ph.D ... OF AEROBIC FEEDING Aerobic granules are often cultivated in SBRs with a very short fill or feeding time McSwain, Irvine, and Wilderer (2004) investigated the effect of intermittent feeding on aerobic ... 2003 Aerobicgranulationinsequencingbatch reactor Ph.D thesis, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Liu, Y and Tay, J H 2002 The essential role of hydrodynamic shear force in the formation...
... 2004 Selection of slow growing organisms as a means for improving aerobic granular sludge stability Water Sci Technol 49: 9–17 Inizan, M., Freval, A., Cigana, J., and Meinhold, J 2005 Aerobicgranulation ... stability of aerobic granules by selecting slow-growing nitrifying bacteria J Biotechnol 108: 161–169 Liu, Y Q and Tay, J H 2006 Variable aeration insequencingbatch reactor with aerobic granular ... of the nitrifying population over the heterotrophic population inaerobic granules This suggests that the enriched nitrifying population inaerobic granules is mainly responsible for the lowered...
... PILOT-SCALE AEROBIC GRANULAR SLUDGE SBRS J H Tay et al (2004) investigated aerobicgranulationin a pilot-scale SBR The pilot-scale aerobic granular sludge SBR was initiated by seeding mature aerobic ... CONCLUSIONS Aerobicgranulationin pilot-scale SBRs is an important step for its full application in the industrial-scale plant Aerobic granular sludge SBRs can be initiated by seeding either ... A 1997 Aerobic granular sludge in a sequencingbatch reactor Water Res 31: 3191–3194 Tay, J H., Liu, Q.-S., and Liu, Y 2001 Microscopic observation of aerobicgranulationin sequential aerobic...
... Biotransformation of erythromycin by acclimated microorganisms insequencingbatchreactors (SBRs) Singapore International Water Week 2011 Singapore (accepted for presentation) xvii Chapter Introduction ... 2008 Influences of erythromycin and erythromycin-H2O on aerobicsequencingbatch reactor (SBR) American Society for Microbiology’s 108th General Meeting Boston, Massachusetts, USA (accepted for ... Andersen, G.L., He, J., 2009 Influence of trace erythromycin and erythromycin-H2O on carbon and nutrients removal and on resistance selectioninsequencingbatchreactors (SBRs) Applied Microbiology...
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