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Báo cáo khoa học: "Pattern-Based Context-Free Grammars for Machine Translation" pot
... Therefore, only the head constraint violation in the target part is accounted for in our prototype 148 where "-OBJ" is a local feature for head VPs in LIISs, while " + O B J " is a local feature for ... following patterns are therefore not allowed: Here, the wildcard "*" stands for an NP by default The preposition "to" and "de" are used to specify that the patterns are for VP pairs, and "to be" ... position i Complete(n) gives the set of possible parses for the input I Now, for every inactive chart associated with a nonterminal symbol X for a span of (i~) (1 ~ i, j
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design manual for machine lubrication
... Design Manual for Machine Lubrication Introduction The information given in this manual is presented to enable the user to properly utilize Norgren products in the design of his machine lubrication ... film of oil for lubrication Machine tool builders have designed it into their finest and costliest machines Textile mills, rolling mills and rubber factories have applied it to existing machines ... Littleton, CO USA Phone 303-794-2611 www.norgren.com Design Manual for Machine Lubrication Basic Equipment Available for Micro-Fog Lubrication For simplification, the term Bearing-inch will be used throughout...
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Tài liệu Asian 2003 Software for the Next Generation Information System Tool docx
... Chapter 1: General Information Introduction 1: General Information Introduction Asian 2003 is a software program for the Next Generation Information System (NGIS) tool With the software installed ... and reuse saved information for a vehicle already tested Do one of the following: • To enter new information for a vehicle, go to step and then step • To reuse saved information for a vehicle already ... 1) entering new information for a vehicle, 2) selecting and reusing information for a vehicle previously tested, and 3) viewing demonstration data For detailed information about using this screen,...
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Tài liệu How Open Is the Future- Economic, Social & Cultural Scenarios Inspired by Free & Open-Source Software (Crosstalks) pdf
... movement, for an ethical issue For the opensource movement, non -free software is simply not such a good solution, while for the 15 Marleen Wynants & Jan Cornelis free- software movement, non -free software ... that this means free as in free speech, not free beer’ Free software is not about money, but about principles The four principles of freedom include: the freedom to use, the freedom to redistribute ... and ethical restoration The story of the Free Software Movement started in the 1970s with the release of software that was NOT free Before that time, software was not seen by the computer industry...
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Tài liệu A junk‐free childhood: Responsible standards for marketing foods and beverages to children doc
... ≥35% for some shows and ≥50% for others. ++ 11 for print media, otherwise 12. Which products can be promoted? In the USA a large number of company‐promoted models have been proposed for defining ... recommendations on marketing of foods and non‐alcoholic beverages to children and called for international action to reduce the impact on children of the marketing of foods or beverages high in saturated or trans fats, free sugars or salt (HSTFSS).20 The recommendations formed part of the World Health Organization’s global strategy for the ... standards from other industrial sectors. Propose a set of standards to form the basis for a cross‐border code of marketing of foods and beverages. Develop web‐based resources for policy development concerning food and beverage marketing to ...
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Tài liệu Karen Foley Head of Landscape Architecture, UCD pdf
... Landscape Perception Karen Foley Irish Landscape Institute/University College Dublin Landscape perception • • • • • Landscape – inherent dualities – Role of landscape profession ... engagement Landscape Different meanings embedded in the term landscape Landscape • This dichotomy of “material” and “mental” aspects of landscape illustrate the duality inherent in the concept of landscape ... sciences • Landscape • Challenge in the combination of these and other knowledge cultures Palang, H., and Fry, G, 2003, Landscape interfaces Landscape Landscape at the heart of LCA Landscape icon...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Large Scale Distributed Syntactic, Semantic and Lexical Language Model for Machine Translation" doc
... Syntaxbased language models for statistical machine translation MT Summit IX., Intl Assoc for Machine Translation C Chelba and F Jelinek 1998 Exploiting syntactic structure for language modeling The ... client then calls the servers for parameters to perform synchronous multi-stack search for each sentence to get the N -best list parse trees Again, the expected count for a particular parameter ... Distributed architecture is essentially a MapReduce paradigm: clients store partitioned data and perform E-step: compute expected counts, this is Map; servers store parameters (counts) for M-step...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Quadratic-Time Dependency Parsing for Machine Translation" pdf
... segmentation for machine translation performance In Proc of the ACL Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation, pages 224–232 D Chiang 2005 A hierarchical phrase-based model for statistical machine ... 2007 Chinese syntactic reordering for statistical machine translation In Proc of EMNLP-CoNLL, pages 737–745 D Wu 1996 A polynomial-time algorithm for statistical machine translation In Proc of ACL ... Radev 2004 A smorgasbord of features for statistical machine translation In Proceedings of HLT-NAACL F Och 2003 Minimum error rate training for statistical machine translation In Proc of ACL K...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Hand-held Scanner and Translation Software for non-Native Readers" docx
... in a pseudo formalism which attempts to be both intuitive for linguists and relatively straightforward to code (for the time being, this is done manually) The conditions take the form of boolean ... L stands for the possibly empty list of left constituents, X for the (possibly empty) head of the phrase and R for the (possibly empty) list of right constituents The possible values for X are ... the cursor on the specific word for which help is requested, or navigate word by word in the sentence XP • For each word, the system retrieves from the tagged information the relevant lexeme and...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Discriminative Syntactic Word Order Model for Machine Translation" pdf
... error were 4% for Permutations and 2% for TargetProjective, computed on reference sentences We compare the performance in BLEU of orders selected from both spaces We evaluate the performance on ... 93.57 94.04 94.14 94.34 94.50 Table 2: Performance of the first-pass order models and 30-best oracle performance, followed by performance of re-ranking model for different feature sets Results are ... 34.90 35.28 35.22 35.33 35.37 Table 4: Performance of the first pass order models and 30-best oracle performance, followed by performance of re-ranking model for different feature sets Results are...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Fast Decoding and Optimal Decoding for Machine Translation" doc
... and A Waibel 1997 Decoding algorithm in statistical machine translation In Proc ACL D Wu 1996 A polynomial-time algorithm for statistical machine translation In Proc ACL ... (typically about 0.02) The NULL element ultimately produces spurious French words Next, we perform a word -for- word replacement of English words (including NULL) by French words, according to the table ... are in reality better decodings Fortunately, by using more than one stack, we can eliminate this effect In a multistack decoder, we employ more than one stack to force hypotheses to compete fairly...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Phrase-Based Backoff Models for Machine Translation of Highly Inflected Languages" docx
... existing tools For stemming we use the TreeTagger (Schmid, 1994) for German and the Snowball stemmer1 for Finnish A variety of ways for compound splitting have been investigated in machine translation ... (Zitouni et al., 2003) for language modeling and by (Gildea, 2001) for semantic role labeling (Resnik et al., 2001) used backoff translation lexicons for cross-language information retrieval More ... Hwa, 2005) have used backoff models for combining in-domain and 42 out-of-domain data for the purpose of bootstrapping a part-of-speech tagger for Chinese, outperforming standard methods such as...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Resolution for Machine Translation of Telegraphic Messages" docx
... the most likely tag for each word is assigned, contextual transformations are used to improve the accuracy We have evaluated the tagger performance on the TEST Data both before and after training ... the semantic frame, are quite straightforward in such a system, and that the flexibility of the semantic frame representation is well suited for multilingual machine translation, it would be more ... Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania } } Summary In this paper we have proposed a technique which maximizes the parsing coverage and minimizes the misparse rate for machine translation...
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Báo cáo khoa học: 15 N-Labelled proteins by cell-free protein synthesis Strategies for high-throughput NMR studies of proteins and protein–ligand complexes doc
... high yields in vivo are also suitable for efficient production by cell -free synthesis In order to compensate for the increased effort and expense required for the production and selective isotope ... proteins makes it an attractive tool for preliminary studies prior to the production of uniformly [15N ⁄ 13C]labelled samples for in-depth NMR analysis Much information can be gleaned already from ... requirement for more than five samples if all 20 amino acids are to be included in the labelling scheme, the spectral overlap in the [15N]HSQC spectrum which is the same as for a uniformly [15N]-labelled...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Research Methodology for Machine Translation" pptx
... preparation Word: a form that represents a set of forms differing only in inflection For example, "great" and "greater" are forms of the same word, while "great* and "large" are forms of different ... card for each different form; the number of occurrences of each form is recorded in this process The new sum mary deck is mechanically matched with the old glossary, and new forms are listed for ... Equivalents If the new form is a form of a word in the old glossary, the English equivalents previously used are carried forward If no form of the word has occurred before, the linguist assigns...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Discriminative Modeling of Extraction Sets for Machine Translation" pptx
... Proceedings of the Conference for the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas Phil Blunsom, Trevor Cohn, Chris Dyer, and Miles Osborne 2009 A Gibbs sampler for phrasal synchronous grammar ... are useful for training alignment models (Fraser and Marcu, 2006; Fraser and Marcu, 2007) The ITG grammar formalism, the corresponding word alignment class, and inference procedures for the class ... pruning and beaming Despite these differences, their strong results reinforce our claim that phraselevel information is useful for alignment Experiments We evaluate our extraction set model by the...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "M AX S IM: A Maximum Similarity Metric for Machine Translation Evaluation" doc
... Semantic Roles (Gimenez and Marquez, 2007) proposed using deeper linguistic information to evaluate MT performance For evaluation in the ACL-07 MT workshop, the authors used the metric which they ... overlaps SR-Or -t for all the different semantic roles t that are found in the system and reference translation sentence A uniform average of the counts is then taken as the score for the sentence ... WordNet synonyms for lsi and the set W Nsyn (lri ) of WordNet synonyms for lri Then, 1, W Nsyn (lsi ) ∩ W Nsyn (lri ) =∅ Syn(lsi , lri ) = 0, otherwise In gathering the set W Nsyn for a word,...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Stochastic Iterative Alignment for Machine Translation Evaluation" doc
... length N for i = 1; i ≤ M; i = i +1 for j = 1; j ≤ N; j = j +1 for k = 1; k ≤ i; k = k +1 for m = 1; m ≤ j; m = m +1 scorei,j,k,m = max{scorei−1,j,k,m ,scorei,j−1,k,m } ; end for end for scorei,j,i,j ... |ref |; for i = 1; i ≤ M; i = i +1 for j = 1; j ≤ N; j = j +1 for k = 1; k ≤ i; k = k +1 for m = 1; m ≤ j; m = m +1 scorei,j,k,m = max{scorei−1,j,k,m , scorei,j−1,k,m }; end for end for if i ... and Daniel Gildea 2005 Syntactic features for evaluation of machine translation In ACL 2005 Workshop on Intrinsic and Extrinsic Evaluation Measures for Machine Translation and/or Summarization...
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