... regulation, the blocked green lines indicate negativeregulation, and the dashed lines indicate indirect inhibition. The black lines indicate substance conversion or transportation flow. The dashed lines ... (2002) Effectsof Ginkgo bilobaextract onthe proliferation of vascular smooth musclecells in vitro and on intimal thickening and interleukin-1beta expression after balloon injury in cholesterol-fedrabbits ... GBE50 intake, althoughFoxa3 remained upregulated in group HG. In addi-tion, the decreased expression of Pc in group HG fur-ther suggested impaired glyconeogenesis. Upregulation of the insulin...
... the elderly werecombined. In one study, a low dose and inthe other a high dose of aminoacids was used. In a repeated measures analysis of variance, theeffects of ATD and the interaction of ... exception of the placebo drink, which inthe 100 g strengthcontained an additional 2.3 g of L-TRP. The com-position ofthe 100 g drink as described by Young(14) w as:L-alanine 5.5 g, L-arginine ... Cognitive effectsof acutetryptophan depletion inthe healthy elderly.Background: Studies investigating the cognitive effectsof serotonindepletion, using the technique of acute tryptophan depletion...
... expression of Cx40 and Cx43 inthe artery at early stage of high fat diet induced atherosclerosis and to investigate the effects of AT1 antagonist Losartan onthe Cx43 and Cx40 expression inthe ... and 5 independently showed the pro-tein expression of Cx43 and Cx40 inthe iliac arteries of different groups. Figure 1. Hematoxylin/eosin staining ofthe iliac arteries inthe normal ... stain-ing was markedly re-duced inthe neointima of arteries. The distri-bution of Cx43 was similar to that of Cx40. Figure 3 Thin-section electron micrographs indicated gap junctions...
... and throughout the lifespan. There is an active coordination of Ca among the intestine, kidneys and the skeleton while the concentration of Ca within the blood is maintained within a narrow range ... age of diag-nosis of hypogonadism, age at the beginning ofthe study, duration of TRT before the study, doses of TRT and way of administration, degree of normalization ofthe testosterone ... duration of TRT during the study). A placebo group is not always included. TRT-induced increase in aBMD may reflect mainly the stimulation of bone formation in young men and the inhibition of bone...
... dependent onthe rate of dissociation of thrombin from TM, explaining the observed biphasicinhibition profiles. These findings are in marked contrast to the binding of all other thrombin-binding components, ... mechan-isminFig.4wasperformedtoobtaintheoreticalinsightinto the effect ofthe second-order rate constants andconcentrations of TM and PAI-1 onthe rate of thrombin/PAI-1 complex formation. For various combinations of k on and ... stimulator of thrombin inhibition by these serpins, in line with the cofactor effect of TM on protein C activation. The exclusive function ofthe VR1 loop is now furthersupported by the results obtained...
... Adolescence 67 onance (MR) imaging is an ideal modality for measuring the volume of any tissue, including bone, the value of this technique in measuring the density of bone is in developmental ... values by the end ofthe second decade of life. Studies in women using CT have demonstrated that the density and the size of vertebral bone reach their peak soon after the time of sexual and ... all influenced by social attitudes to gen- der roles. Economic conditions prevailing during the working lifetime of a typical male citizen may have interacting influences onthe risks of vertebral...
... (cognitive) factors inthe regulation of gait.One common way to study effectsof cognition on gait isby examining the effect of a secondary cognitive task on the control of locomotion. The dual-task ... are due to the effectsof dual-tasking and not to the order of presen-tation ofthe conditions. The main effect of group on stride length was not signifi-cant but inspection ofthe data revealed ... contributionsCJCL was the main investigator ofthe study, analyzed the gait data and was involved in revising the manuscript. JFSdrafted the manuscript, was involved inthe design of the study and inthe data...
... Hausdorffdrafted the manuscript. All authors helped with the inter-pretation ofthe results, reviewed the manuscript and par-ticipated inthe editing ofthe final version of the manuscript.AcknowledgementsWe ... NeuroEngineering and RehabilitationOpen AccessResearchShedding light on walking inthe dark: theeffectsof reduced lighting on the gait of older adults with a higher-level gait disorder and controlsAnat ... or the values of walking under usual lighting conditions.Conclusion: Walking with reduced lighting does not affect the gait of healthy elderly subjects,except for a reduction in speed. On the...
... 23. Glowinski J, Iversen LL: Regional studies of catecholamines inthe rat brain. I. The disposition of [3H]norepinephrine, [3H]dopamine and [3H]dopa in various regions ofthe brain. J ... injection of LPS induces neuronal damage and activation of microglia and astrocytes in hippocampus 24 hr after LPS injection. Therefore, we investigated whether betaine could suppress LPS-induced ... (i.c.v.) into the lateral ventricle ofthe mouse brain according to the method of Haley & McCormick [19] at a dose of 5 àL/mouse under brief ether anesthesia. I.c.v. injections of LPS or saline...
... group. These findings indicate that mosapride effectively improves a decline in intestinal motility by increasing both peristalsis and the number of intestinal contractions [11]. In addition, the ... for the decline of intestinal motility inthe period following jejunocaecostomy in healthy horses. Mosapride appeared to have more of an effect on motility inthe small intestine than inthe ... the distribution ofthe 5HT4 receptor is at the base of different effectsof mosapride inthe small intestine and caecum. In this study, we demonstrated that administration of mosapride...
... cor-responding to the decrease in length ofthe growing season [19].Paulsen et al. [31] found that annual radial increments of Pinuscembra linearly decreased with increasing elevation inthe ... 10.1051/forest:2004025Original article Effects of microsite on growth of Pinus cembra inthe subalpine zone of the Austrian AlpsMai-He LIa,b*, Jian YANGca Institute for Forest and Mountain Risk Engineering, ... growthalso depend on tree size/age (question 3 ofthe Introduction).Hence, the effect of elevation on growth of subalpine treesseems to be size-specific [23]. Theeffects begin to occur whentrees...
... determinedas the slope b ofthe linear relationships between the log values of rela-tive conductivity (RC; %) ofthe incubation solution and the duration of bark tissue incubation (h) during the ... determination of frost hardiness.We hypothesize that complete defoliation of oaks inthe spring– especially when occurring in consecutive years – reduces the frost hardiness ofthe bark inthe ... following winter via a reduc-tion inthe content of soluble sugars and/or cyclitols. To obtainpreliminary indications onthe role of nitrogen compounds in a defoliation-induced decrease in frost...