... resultant translation is the best scoring candidate for the root input node. As an example, see the example dependency tree in Figure 4a and treelettranslation pair in 4b. This treelettranslation ... language pairs that can be addressed. 2. DependencyTreeletTranslation In this paper we propose a novel dependency tree-based approach to phrasalSMT which uses tree-based ‘phrases’ and a ... source dependency parses onto the target sentences. From this aligned parallel dependency corpus we extract a treelettranslation model incorporating source and target treelet pairs, where a treelet...
... Report, RC22176.C. Quirk, A. Menezes, and C. Cherry. 2005. De-pendency treelet translation: Syntactically informed phrasal SMT. In Proceedings of the 43th AnnualMeeting of the Association for ... the dependency structuresenables efficient decoding through dynamic pro-gramming.2 String-to -Dependency Translation 2.1 Transfer Rules with Well-Formed Dependency StructuresA string-to -dependency ... awell-formed dependency structure.• str-dep: a string-to -dependency system with a dependency LM.We take the replicated Hiero system as ourbaseline because it is the closest to our string-to-dependency...
... word of Athe rightmost word of Atgtthe translation of Apthe translation of Ahthe leftmost word of the translation of Athe rightmost word of the translation of ATable 2: Features adopted ... translated at all in many SMT sys-tems according to the error study by Wu and Fung(2009a). This suggests that conventional lexical and phrasal translation models adopted in those SMT systems are not ... null translations for verbal predicates.3.2 FeaturesThe apparent advantage of discriminative lexicon translation models over generative translation mod-els (e.g., conventional lexical translation...
... machine translation using languageprojections. In Proc. of EMNLP, pages 108–116.C. Quirk, A. Menezes, and C. Cherry. 2005. De-pendency treelet translation: syntactically informed phrasal SMT. ... are found to be statis-tically very significant (p ≤ .01).2 Dependency parsing for machine translation In this section, we review dependency parsing for-mulated as a maximum spanning tree problem(McDonald ... computation of dependency scores involving word xjuntil tag tj+1is generated, since dependency parsing accuracy isparticularly low (−0.8%) when the next tag is un-known.We found that dependency...
... interpretable as label-ing nodes of dependency trees. In par-ticular, we show that the transfer phasein a Machine Translation system basedon tectogrammatical dependency trees canbe seen as a ... for modeling the transfer phase in Ma-chine Translation systems based on deep-syntactic dependency trees. Emission probabilities rep-resent the translation model, whereas transition(edge) ... ap-proaches to Statistical Machine Translation (e.g.(Koehn et al., 2003)), in which translation and lan-guage models are trainable separately too. More-over, given the input dependency tree and HMTMparameters,...
... Yarowsky. 1999. Statistical machine translation. Technical report, CLSP, Johns Hopkins University. H. Alshawi, S. Bangalore, S. Douglas. 2000. Learning dependency translation models as collections ... Automatic Learning of Paral-lel DependencyTreelet Pairs. In First International Joint Conference on NLP (IJCNLP-04). Ding and Palmer. 2004b. Synchronous Dependency Insertion Grammars: A ... non-isomorphic tree map-pings for machine translation. In ACL-03. (compan-ion volume), Sapporo, July. Heidi J. Fox. 2002. Phrasal cohesion and statistical ma-chine translation. In Proceedings of EMNLP-02....
... intothe final phrasal translation. Re-scoring through a Test CollectionLarge-scale test collections could be used to re-score the translation alternatives and complete a phrasal translation. ... Davis, 2000)could help solve the problem of phrasal translation. The interactive environment setting should optimizethe phrasal translation, select best phrasal transla-tion alternatives and facilitate ... trans-lation candidates. Phrasaltranslation candidates aresorted in decreasing order by re-scoring factors RF .Finally, a number (thres) of highly ranked phrasal translation sequences is selected...
... algorithm of Miet al. (2008) to convert Fcinto a translation for-est, each hyperedge of which is associated with aconstituency to dependencytranslation rule. How-ever, pattern-matching failure2at ... node vfmeans there is no translation rule can be matched at vfor no translation hyper-edge can be constructed at vf.1438Algorithm 1 Forest-based constituency to dependency rule extraction.Input: ... ofthe s2s rules into dependency fragments, and con-struct the pseudo s2d rules (s2s-dep). Then weuse c2d and s2s-dep rules to direct the translation. With the help of the dependency language...
... University{yhe,yma,josef,away}@computing.dcu.ieAbstractWe propose a translation recommendationframework to integrate Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) output with Transla-tion Memory (TM) systems. The frame-work recommends SMT outputs to ... developmentsin statistical machine translation (SMT) , with con-siderable improvements in translation quality. Forcertain language pairs and applications, automatedtranslations are now beginning ... particular translation choiceshould be accepted or rejected in an interactive translation system.The second strand of research focuses on com-bining TM information with an SMT system, sothat the SMT...
... the words in the box to complete the phrasal verbs, idioms and other expressions usingput in this story. You will need to use some of them more than once. Phrasal verbs, idioms and other expressions ... Complete the phrasal verbs in sentences 1 – 14 with an appropriate particle orparticles, and write these in the grid at the bottom of the page. If you do this correctly, youwill reveal a phrasal ... can be used to completesentence 15. The meaning of each phrasal verb in its context is explained in italics at the endof each sentence. Phrasal verbs, idioms and other expressions using 'come'131....
... đã được relay bởi NAT Phần I:Giới thiệu tổng quan về NAT (Network Address Translation) I : NAT (Network Address Translation) là gì ?NAT giống như một router, nó chuyển tiếp các gói tin giữa...