... as proven in the Appendix, and thus the likelihoodbasically consists of the sum ofnterms of the form optimized by FastICA. Thus210 ICA BY MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION1. Center the data to ... estimate can be simply added to the gradient methods, and it is automaticallydone in FastICA.The first approaches to using maximum likelihood estimation for ICA were in[140, 372]; see also [368, ... 9.7FastICA this time applied on supergaussian mixtures. Again, the solution wasfound in 2 iterations.214 ICA BY MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATIONIn contrast to the gradient algorithm, FastICA effortlessly...