... Science, Amsterdam.Zhou, G. and M. Gen, 1997. Evolutionary computation on multicriteria production process planning problem, in Proc. 1997 ICEC, Ed. B. Porto, pp. 419–424, IEEE Press, Indianapolis, ... according to production requirements[Kusiak, 1990]. Generally, tools and fixtures are heavy, and it takes a considerable amount of time tochange them. When processing a variety of parts, the production ... other difficult-to-solve combinatorial optimization problems.10.5 Multistage Process Planning Mulistage process planning (MPP) problems are common among manufacturing systems. The problem,in general,...