... AMP-activated protein kinasekinase; CAMKKb,Ca2+⁄ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase b; CBS, cystathionine-b-synthase; TAK1, transforming growth factor b-activatingkinase 1; ZMP, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ... AICAR- and contraction-induceda2-AMPK signaling [49]. Initially, AMP was thoughtto increase phosphorylation of AMPK by AMPKKboth by direct activation of the upstream kinase and by making the ... (2002) Protein kinase substrate recognitionstudied using the recombinant catalytic domain of AMP-activated protein kinase and a model substrate.J Mol Biol 317, 309–323.44 Sanders MJ, Grondin PO,...