... from the beginning of Eastern Zhou in 770 BC to the end of the Northern Zhou regime in AD 581. 7 This was a formative period in the development of concepts of ethnicity in north China, and deserves ... Di, and Mountain Rong groups occupied much of northern Shaanxi, Shanxi, and Hebei, and made raids into Shandong and Henan Chu, a powerful Man kingdom in Hubei, also expanded into Henan, annexing ... Chinese’ and ‘nonChinese’, see Holcombe, “Re-imagining China” – in this article, Holcombe tends to shift inconsistently between ‘ethnic Chinese’, Han Chinese’, and ‘ethnic Han Chinese’, but in...