Lecture Connections 21 | Lipid Biosynthesis
Lecture Connections 21 | Lipid Biosynthesis
... CHAPTER 21 Lipid Biosynthesis Key topics: – Biosynthesis of fatty acids and eicosanoids – Biosynthesis of triacylglycerols – Biosynthesis of fatty cholesterol Lipids Fulfill a Variety ... and acetyl-CoA – reducing power from NADPH – location: cytosol in animals, chloroplast in plants Lipid Catabolism and Anabolism in Animal and Plant Cells Overview of Fatty Acid Synthesis • Fatty...
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Lecture Connections 14 | Glucose Utilization and Biosynthesis
... CHAPTER 14 Glucose Utilization and Biosynthesis Key topics: – Harnessing energy from glucose via glycolysis – Fermentation under anaerobic conditions – Synthesis of glucose from simpler ... the polymeric form – Many organisms and tissues can meet their energy needs on glucose only • Glucose is a versatile biochemical precursor – Bacteria can use glucose to build the carbon skeletons ... Membrane lipids Nucleotides in DNA and RNA Cofactors needed for the metabolism Four Major Pathways of Glucose Utilization • When there’s plenty of excess energy, glucose can be stored in the polymeric...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Theoretical study of lipid biosynthesis in wild-type Escherichia coli and in a protoplast-type L-form using elementary flux mode analysis potx
... detectable in the cell wall-free mutant These findings stand in contrast to a subsequent analysis of singlegene knockout data indicating that E coli can only survive if at least L1-P-EtAmine and a lipid ... synthesis of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids, phospholipids (including cardiolipin), and lipid A It is important to study the metabolism of the glucosamine-based lipid A, because it is a major ... substrates In contrast, side modes use products of interest as substrates An example of such a side mode is an EFM that converts lipid A into lipid A (ca) Redundancy as a main characteristic of the wild-type...
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Lecture Connections 10 | Lipids
... CHAPTER 10 Lipids Key topics: – Biological roles of lipids – Structure and properties of storage lipids – Structure and properties of membrane lipids – Structure and properties of signaling lipids Lipids: ... Lipids • Based on the structure and function • Lipids that not contain fatty acids: cholesterol, terpenes, … • Lipids that contain fatty acids (complex lipids) – Storage lipids and membrane lipids ... platelets Plays role in mediation of inflammation Sphingolipids • The backbone of sphingolipids is NOT glycerol • The backbone of sphingolipids is a long-chain amino alcohol sphingosine • A fatty...
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Lecture Connections 13 | Bioenergetics and Reactions
... CHAPTER 13 Bioenergetics and Reactions Key topics: – Thermodynamics applies to biochemistry, too – Organic chemistry ... • Cleavage and formation of C–C bonds • Cleavage and formation of polar bonds • Nucleophilic substitution mechanism • Addition–elimination mechanism • Hydrolysis and condensation reactions • ... C-C bonds as shown above Nucleophiles and Electrophiles in Biochemistry Examples of Nucleophilic CarbonCarbon Bond Formation Reactions Addition–Elimination Reactions • Substitution from sp3 carbon...
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Lecture Connections 16 | The Citric Acid Cycle
... CHAPTER 16 The Citric Acid Cycle Key topics: – Cellular respiration – Conversion of pyruvate to activated acetate – Reactions of the citric acid cycle – Regulation of the citric acid cycle – ... prosthetic groups are strongly bound to the protein In this case, the lipoic acid is covalently linked to the enzyme via a lysine residue The Citric Acid Cycle Sequence of Events in the Citric Acid ... Eukaryotes, Citric Acid Cycle Occurs in Mitochondria • Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm • Citric acid cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix† • Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the inner...
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Lecture Connections 17 | Fatty Acid Catabolism
... anaerobic catabolism of fats Fatty Acids are Converted into Fatty Acyl-CoA Fatty Acid Transport into Mitochondria • Fats are degraded into fatty acids and glycerol in the cytoplasm • -oxidation of fatty ... Sources of ATP Oxidation of Monounsaturated Fatty Acids Oxidation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Oxidation of Propionyl-CoA • Most dietary fatty acids are even-numbered • Many plants and some ... Associated with inner mitochondrial membrane • Processes fatty acid chains with 12 or more carbons; shorter ones by enzymes in the matrix Fatty Acid Catabolism for Energy • Repeating the above four-step...
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Lecture Connections 25 | DNA Metabolism
... CHAPTER 25 DNA Metabolism Key topics: – DNA replication – DNA repair – DNA recombination What is DNA Metabolism? • While functioning as a stable storage of genetic information, the structure of DNA ... DNA molecules giving offspring a novel DNA • DNA metabolism consists of a set of enzyme catalyzed and tightly regulated processes that achieve these tasks The Substrate that Encodes its Own Metabolisms ... responsible for DNA replication Structure of Bacterial DNA Polymerases is Well Understood • Structure of the Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase I • Structure of DNA Polymerase III bound to DNA Synthesis...
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Lecture Connections 26 | RNA Metabolism
... CHAPTER 26 RNA Metabolism Key topics: – Transcription: DNA-dependent synthesis of RNA – Capping and splicing: RNA processing Overview of RNA Function • Ribonucleic acids ... rRNAs) • RNA polymerase II is responsible for synthesis of mRNA – Very fast (500 – 1000 nucleotides / sec) – Specifically inhibited by mushroom toxin -amanitin • RNA polymerase III makes tRNAs ... some small RNA products • Plants appear to have RNA polymerase IV that is responsible for the synthesis of small interfering RNAs • Mitochondria have their own RNA polymerase Eukaryotic mRNA Transcription...
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Lecture Connections 27 | Protein Metabolism
... CHAPTER 27 Protein Metabolism Key topics: – The genetic code – Synthesis of aminoacyl-tRNA – Translation: RNA-dependent protein synthesis Protein Synthesis is a Very Complex ... additional protein factors for initiation, elongation, and termination of translation • Involves perhaps 100 additional enzymes that carry out a variety of modifications with many proteins Protein ... Hypothesis • It was recognized in early 1950s that protein sequence is encoded by the nucleotide sequence • The molecular nature of players in protein synthesis remained unknown • Crick proposed...
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Lecture Connections 28 | Regulation of Gene Expression
... CHAPTER 28 Regulation of Gene Expression Key topics: – DNA elements that control transcription – Protein factors that control transcription – Lac operon as a model for regulation – Regulation of protein ... classes of promoters – Allows coordinated expression of different sets of genes • Binding other proteins (transcription factors) to promoters – These recognize promoters of specific genes – These ... post-translational modifications – Allows expression of a specific genes in response to signals in the environment Regulation by Factors Regulation by Transcription Factors (1) Regulation by Transcription...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Identification of two late acyltransferase genes responsible for lipid A biosynthesis in Moraxella catarrhalis doc
... GAG AAT CTC CTC CTC CTC TGC TGC AAG GCA GGT CTC TCA TGA CTC GGA GAA GAA GGA GAG CAA CTG CAA ATA GAA GAA TTG TGG GAA GGA GGA GAG TTG TGA CCG GGT GCG ATC TCA CAT GAG TCC TTC TTC TCC CTC TCC CAC ... GGT CTT CTC ATG TGA TCA ACA GTG GTC TCA CGG TTG TGG ACA ATG CTA CAA CCA TGC TAT CAA TCG AAG TCA CAT TAC ACA GGT ATA TGA GCT AAG CTG TTG CTG GCA CTT CCA TGT GAT TTG CCA CTC ATT ATG CGA ATG (lpxX ... GCC ATC TTC TTC CCA TGT TTC TCC TCC CTC ATG TGA ATG TCA ACA GAG GTG GGC AGC CTT GTA GTG GTG TCA GTG TGA ATG ATC CAC TCA TCA CAT GAG AAT TTG TTA AGC TGG ACA TAG ATC CAT CAG TTG TCA TGA TCA GGT...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo Y học: Differential effects of arachidonoyl trifluoromethyl ketone on arachidonic acid release and lipid mediator biosynthesis by human neutrophils pot
... studies by demonstrating that inhibition of LTB4 and PAF biosynthesis by AACOCF3 occurs without concomitant inhibition of AA release Generation of the common precursor pool by CoA-IT occurs by the ... activation is accompanied by an increase in PAF biosynthesis via acetylation of 1-alkyl-2-lyso-GPC by acetyl transferase (Fig 8, f) activity, competition for 1-alkyl-2-lyso-GPC intermediate by various ... constitutes the bulk of the fatty acid at the sn-2 position of 1-alkyl-2-acyl-GPC under resting conditions [70] Upon cell activation, most of this AA is replaced by other fatty acids Finally,...
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lecture 9 lipid analysis
... by 100 g of oil 1 89- 198 Soybean Oil 1 89- 195 Lard Molecular weight and iodine number can calculate the number of double bonds g of fat adsorbed 1.5 g of iodine value = 150 190 -202 Iodine Value ... pentaenoic acid B Diethenoic Acids Linoleic 9, 12-Octadecadienoic C Triethenoid Acids Linolenic 9, 12,15-Octadecatrienoic Eleostearic 9, 11,13-Octadecatrienoic C17H29COOH D Tetraethenoid Acids Moroctic ... (Brown color) at 440 nm 10 Cholesterol Analysis by GLC Prepare cholesterol butyrate Analyze by GLC Sensitivity - 10-7 g Lipid Content Analysis 21 H 318 C H3C -H2O 19 H3 C CH3CH2CH2COOH HO 10 12 11...
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Lecture Medical assisting: Administrative and clinical procedures with anatomy and physiology (4e) – Chapter 21
... panie s, Inc A ll rights reserv ed 21- 39 Bones of the Shoulders, Arms, and Hands (cont.) • Hand – carpals per hand – metacarpals per hand – 14 phalanges per hand • in each finger • in each thumb ... A ll rights reserv ed 21- 38 Bones of the Shoulders, Arms, and Hands • Shoulders – pectoral girdles – Clavicles – Scapulae • Upper limb or arm bones – Humerus – Radius – Ulna © 2011 T he McGraw ... reserv ed 21- 27 Cranial Bones • Frontal – anterior • Parietal – top and most of the sides • Occipital – back • Temporal – form the lower sides of the skull • Sphenoid and ethmoid bones – floor...
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Từ khóa: genetics and biosynthesis of lipid abiosynthesis and membrane assembly of lipid achủng đa ma2 năng suất lipid ở điều kiện iii iv viii cao hơn so với đối chứng 17 24mg l trong đó ở điều kiện 50 p năng suất lipid đạt cao nhất 21 45mg l8— design of slab column connections according to 21 13 61 5 sự chuyển hóa lipid trong cơ thể 21rối loạn lipid máuhoá chất 21thế kỷ 2121 dòng21 dòngrối loạn lipid máuthông tư số 21/2003/tt-blđtbxhnghị định số 21/2009/nđ-cprối loạn chuyển hóa lipid máugiáo án tự nhiên xã hội 2 bài 21Nghiên cứu sự biến đổi một số cytokin ở bệnh nhân xơ cứng bì hệ thốngNghiên cứu vật liệu biến hóa (metamaterials) hấp thụ sóng điện tử ở vùng tần số THzGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 13: Thực hành phát hiện diệp lục và carôtenôitQuản lý hoạt động học tập của học sinh theo hướng phát triển kỹ năng học tập hợp tác tại các trường phổ thông dân tộc bán trú huyện ba chẽ, tỉnh quảng ninhPhối hợp giữa phòng văn hóa và thông tin với phòng giáo dục và đào tạo trong việc tuyên truyền, giáo dục, vận động xây dựng nông thôn mới huyện thanh thủy, tỉnh phú thọTrả hồ sơ điều tra bổ sung đối với các tội xâm phạm sở hữu có tính chất chiếm đoạt theo pháp luật Tố tụng hình sự Việt Nam từ thực tiễn thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (Luận văn thạc sĩ)Nghiên cứu khả năng đo năng lượng điện bằng hệ thu thập dữ liệu 16 kênh DEWE 5000Tìm hiểu công cụ đánh giá hệ thống đảm bảo an toàn hệ thống thông tinThơ nôm tứ tuyệt trào phúng hồ xuân hươngThiết kế và chế tạo mô hình biến tần (inverter) cho máy điều hòa không khíChuong 2 nhận dạng rui roBT Tieng anh 6 UNIT 2Tăng trưởng tín dụng hộ sản xuất nông nghiệp tại Ngân hàng Nông nghiệp và Phát triển nông thôn Việt Nam chi nhánh tỉnh Bắc Giang (Luận văn thạc sĩ)Tranh tụng tại phiên tòa hình sự sơ thẩm theo pháp luật tố tụng hình sự Việt Nam từ thực tiễn xét xử của các Tòa án quân sự Quân khu (Luận văn thạc sĩ)chuong 1 tong quan quan tri rui roGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 14: Thực hành phát hiện hô hấp ở thực vậtGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 14: Thực hành phát hiện hô hấp ở thực vậtGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 14: Thực hành phát hiện hô hấp ở thực vậtTrách nhiệm của người sử dụng lao động đối với lao động nữ theo pháp luật lao động Việt Nam từ thực tiễn các khu công nghiệp tại thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (Luận văn thạc sĩ)Đổi mới quản lý tài chính trong hoạt động khoa học xã hội trường hợp viện hàn lâm khoa học xã hội việt nam