... C, Klein R, Burmester GR,Schoessler W, Hiepe F: Casein is an essential cofactor in autoantibody reactivity directed against the C-terminal SmD1peptide AA 83–119 in systemic lupus erythematosus. ... to Sm antigen in systemic lupuserythematosus by immunodiffusion, ELISA and immunoblot-ting: variability of incidence related to assays and ethnic origin of patients. Eur J Clin Invest 1990, ... reactivity in 70.0% of SLE patients and in only 8.3% of controls using aSmD1 synthetic peptide [15]. This peptide, but not the full-length protein, has been shown to bind dsDNA contained in blocking...