CONCRETE IN HOT ENVIRONMENTS - CHAPTER 3 potx
CONCRETE IN HOT ENVIRONMENTS - CHAPTER 3 potx
... in porosity was not always observed and, in fact, an increase in theFig. 3. 13. Temperature rise measured in mass concrete. Control mix contained 400kg/m 3 ordinary Portland cement (OPC). In the ... strength of concrete. (Adapted from Ref. 3. 15.)Copyright 19 93 E & FN Sponintergrounding, or by intimately mixing their constituents. That is, thepreceding sections (3. 1.2 .3 and 3. 1 .3. 2) are ... of fly-ash on concrete strength (OPC+FA =32 0 kg/m 3 , W/(C+FA)=0·66, 7 days moist curing).(Taken from the data of Ref. 3. 14.)Copyright 19 93 E & FN SponFig. 3. 3. Effect of replacing 30 % of...
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CONCRETE IN HOT ENVIRONMENTS - CHAPTER O ppt
... edition 19 93 © 19 93 E & FN SponISBN 0-2 0 3- 4 736 3- 9 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-2 0 3- 7 818 7-2 (Adobe eReader Format)ISBN 0 419 15970 3 (Print Edition)Apart from any fair dealing for the ... hydration 3. 1.2 .3. 2 Microstructure 3. 1.2 .3. 3 Calcium hydroxide content and pH value of pore water 3. 1.2 .3. 4 Strength development 3. 1.2 .3. 5 Other properties 3. 1 .3 Cementitious admixtures 3. 1 .3. 1 Blast-furnace ... Temperature4 .3. 2 Chemical admixtures4 .3. 2.1 Classification4 .3. 2.2 Water-reducing admixtures4 .3. 2 .3 Retarding admixtures4 .3. 2.4 Superplasticisers4 .3. 3 Fly-ash4 .3. 4 Long mixing and delivery times4.4...
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CONCRETE IN HOT ENVIRONMENTS - CHAPTER 1 ppsx
... added during the grinding of the cement clinker(section 1.1). The gypsum combines with the C 3 A to give a high-sulphatecalcium sulphoaluminate, known as ettringite (3CaO·Al2O 3 ·3CaSO4 31 H2O),and ... 1.8.)Copyright 19 93 E & FN Spon1 .3. MINOR CONSTITUENTS1 .3. 1. Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O)It was pointed out earlier (section 1.2 .3) that the C 3 A reacts with water almostinstantaneously, bringing about ... of RHPCbringing about a corresponding increase in heat evolution (Fig. 1.7).1.5.2. Low-Heat Cement (LHPC)The heats of hydration of C 3 S and C 3 A are higher than those of the remainingconstituents...
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CONCRETE IN HOT ENVIRONMENTS - CHAPTER 2 pot
... its initial and final settingFig. 2.15. Effect of placing tempera-ture on temperature rise in mass concrete containing 2 23 kg/m 3 oftype I cement. (Adapted from Ref.2.18.)Copyright 19 93 E ... discussed in some detail in Chapter 3 and, indeed, the temperature rise in concrete made of such cements is lowerthan the rise in temperature in concrete made with OPC. Hence, from thispoint of ... ‘hardening’.These stages of setting and hardening are schematically described in Fig. 2.1.The initial and final setting times are of practical importance. The initialsetting time determines...
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CONCRETE IN HOT ENVIRONMENTS - CHAPTER 4 docx
... (1982), 429 32 .4.20. Ravina, D., Slump loss of fly ash concrete. Concrete Int., 6(4) (1984) 35 –9.4.21. ACI Committee 30 5, Hot- weather concreting (ACI 30 5R-89). In ACI Manualof Concrete Practice ... Proc. J. ACI, 74(8) (1977), 36 1–7.4.9. Hampton, J.S., Extended workability of concrete containing high-range water-reducing admixtures in hot weather. In Development in the Use ofSuperplasticizers ... the setting of the concrete (ASTM C494). Accordingly, a water-reducing and retarding admixturecombines the effects of both water-reducing and retarding admixtures, and assuch delays setting and...
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CONCRETE IN HOT ENVIRONMENTS - CHAPTER 5 doc
... cement), and 2 and 6 (10 min mixingtime, 34 0 kg/m 3 cement). In fact, the effect of fly-ash was quite significant,increasing, in the case of 10 min mixing, plastic shrinkage by approximately ... whenthe shrinkage curves are compared for the same mixing time and originalcement content, i.e. curves 4 and 5 (60 min mixing time, 280 kg/m 3 cement), 1and 3 (60 min mixing time, 34 0 kg/m 3 cement), ... Shrinkage and creep of mortar and concrete asaffected by hot humid environment. In Proc. RILEM 2nd Int. Symp. on Concrete and Reinforced Concrete in Hot Countries, Haifa, 1971, Vol. II,Building...
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CONCRETE IN HOT ENVIRONMENTS - CHAPTER 6 pdf
... made of aluminum (all-aluminum), ply-wood face and aluminum frame, plywood face and steel frame, andsteel. All-aluminum gang forms consist of aluminum sheathingsupported by an aluminum frame ... carryout such work as form stripping and cleaning, setting of reinforce-ment, and other wall maintenance in preparation for the next pour.A 30 in. (762 mm) wide working platform also allows removal ... stag-gered to avoid creating a plane of weakness. 3. When placing concrete for tall columns, it is recom-mended to have pockets or windows at mid-height orother intervals to facilitate placing...
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CONCRETE IN HOT ENVIRONMENTS - CHAPTER 7 ppt
... corresponding increase in the modulus ofelasticity. (3) Joints should be provided in concrete members in order to reduce therestraining effect of the structure on shrinkage. It is self-evident ... a finer pore structure see (Chapter 3, Figs 3. 3 and 3. 15) and sometimes also by a lower porosity (Chapter 3, Fig. 3. 14 ). On the other hand, considering shrinkage mechanisms (see section 7 .3) ,a ... shrinkage strain and E is concrete modulus ofelasticity. Considering complete restraint, for which es=200×10 -6 , and E =30 000kN/mm2, the induced tensile stress in the concrete will be 30 ...
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CONCRETE IN HOT ENVIRONMENTS - CHAPTER 8 pot
... notindicated by the data of Fig. 8. 13 implying, in turn, that some othermechanisms may be involved.8.4.2.4. Mineral Admixtures In discussing the effect of mineral admixtures on drying shrinkage ... Z., Shrinkage and creep of mortar and concrete asaffected by hot- humid environment. In Proc. RILEM Symp. on Concrete andCopyright 19 93 E & FN Spon in areas of hindered adsorption (Chapter ... load, shrinkageoccurs simultaneously. Accordingly, creep is the increase in deformation withtime under a sustained load excluding drying shrinkage. This is demonstrated in Fig. 8.1 for a concrete...
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CONCRETE IN HOT ENVIRONMENTS - CHAPTER 9 pot
... with the alumina-bearing phases of the hydrated cement to give a high-sulphate form of calcium aluminate (3CaO.Al2O 3 .3CaSO4 .32 H2O, i.e.C 3 A.3CS¯.H 32 ), known as ettringite.The formation ... with a low C 3 A content. In other words, in producing sulphate-resistant concrete, the use of sulphate-resisting cement must be combined witha specified minimum cement content. Indeed, this ... containing Santorin earth.Cement Concrete Res., 11(4) (1981), 507–18.9.19. Dunstan, E.R., Performance of lignite and sub-bituminous fly ash in concrete A progress report. Report REC-ERC-76–1,...
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