... consists of the appropriate tense/person/number-bearing form of the nonmodal auxiliary BE plus the past participle of the LV (here seen). None of the other complements of (61) or (62) are of any ... PMChapter 4 108 In effect the motorcycle is contingent (dependent) on the haircut, as is the ice cream on the spinach: if the one does not happen, the other will not happen either; if the hypothesis ... then is the second recipient (and thus the indirect object [IO]) of the action of the verb. Rebecca, as the subject and the person performing the action, is termed the actor. Let us review these...