Chapter 079 Cancer Genetics (Part 3) ppt
Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 3) ppt
... 22q12.2 AD Vestibular schwannoma, meningioma, spine Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 3) Familial Cancer Syndromes A small fraction of cancers occur in patients with a genetic predisposition. ... Hereditary breast/ovarian cancer BRCA1 BRCA2 17q21 13q12.3 AD Breast, ovarian, colon, prostate Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer CDH1 16q22 AD Stomach cancers Hereditary multiple ... Juvenile polyposis SMAD4 18q21 AD Gastrointestinal, pancreatic cancers Li-Fraumeni TP53 17p13.1 AD Sarcoma, breast cancer Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 MEN1 11q13 AD Parathyroid,...
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Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 5) ppt
... known to be detectable by the assay methods used). Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 5) While most autosomal dominant inherited cancer syndromes are due to mutations in tumor-suppressor ... Mendelian forms of cancer have taught us much about the mechanisms of growth control, most forms of cancer do not follow simple patterns of inheritance. In many instances (e.g., lung cancer) , a strong ... genetically susceptible to developing cancer, given the appropriate exposure, due to the presence of modifier alleles. Genetic Testing for Familial Cancer The discovery of cancer susceptibility genes...
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Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 10) pptx
... Strausberg RL et al: In silico analysis of cancer through the Cancer Genome Anatomy Project. Trends Cell Biol 11:S66, 2001 Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 10) Figure 79-8 ... segregation and cancer: Cutting through the mystery. Nat Rev Cancer 1:109, 2001 [PMID: 11905802] Loeb LA: Mutator phenotype may be required for multistage carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 51:3075, ... multistep nature of cancer. Trends Genet 9:138, 1993 [PMID: 8516849] Bibliography Fearon ER, Cho KR: The molecular biology of cancer, in Principles and Practices of Medical Genetics , AE Emery,...
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Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 1) pdf
... malignancies. Figure 79-2 Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 1) Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 79. Cancer Genetics Cancer Is a Genetic Disease Cancer arises through a series ... consequence of these mutations in tumor cells, is now known as cancer genetics. The Clonal Origin and Multistep Nature of Cancer Nearly all cancers originate from a single cell; this clonal origin ... While most cancers arise sporadically, familial clustering of cancers occurs in certain families that carry a germline mutation in a cancer gene. Historical Perspective The idea that cancer progression...
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Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 2) potx
... Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 2) General Classes of Cancer Genes There are two major classes of cancer genes. The first class comprises genes ... version states that both copies of a tumor-suppressor gene must be inactivated in cancer. The second class of cancer genes, the caretakers, does not directly affect cell growth but rather affects ... normal function of tumor-suppressor genes is to restrain cell growth, and this function is lost in cancer. Because of the diploid nature of mammalian cells, both alleles must be inactivated to...
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Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 4) ppsx
... length from chromosome to chromosome. Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 4) Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a dominantly inherited colon cancer syndrome due to germline mutations ... dinucleotide repeats in the cancers of HNPCC patients. Figure 79-5 Demonstration of microsatellite instability in normal and tumor tissue from hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC) patients. ... malignant phenotype. (From LA Aaltonen et al, Clues to the pathogenesis of familial colorectal cancer. Science 260:812, 1993, with permission; Copyright 1993 AAAS.) Defects in this process...
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Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 7) pot
... progression of cancer. Noncytogenetic, molecular techniques for identifying amplifications have more recently become available. Numerous genes have been reported to be amplified in cancer. Several ... extends to hundreds of thousands of base pairs, more than one oncogene may be amplified in some cancers (particularly sarcomas). Genes simultaneously amplified in many cases include MDM2, GLI, CDK4, ... amplified in aggressive breast cancers and neuroblastoma, respectively. Chromosomal Rearrangement Chromosomal alterations provide important clues to the genetic changes in cancer. The chromosomal...
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Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 8) pps
... fusion protein with modified function. (Courtesy of ER Fearon and KR Cho.) Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 8) Table 79-3 Representative Oncogenes at Chromosomal Translocations ... toxicity in patients with CML. Knowledge of genetic alterations in cancer can lead to mechanism-based design and development of cancer drugs. Figure 79-7 Specific translocation seen in ... myelogenous leukemia ATF1 (12q 13) EWS (22q12) (12;22)(q13;q12) Malignant melanoma of soft parts (MMSP) FKHR/ALV(13q14) rhabdomyosarcoma PAX7 (1p36)–KHR/ALV(13q14) (1; 13)( p36;q14) Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma...
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Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 9) pot
... respectively. Viruses are not sufficient for cancer development but constitute one alteration in the multistep process of cancer. Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 9) Chromosomal Instability in ... mutually exclusive in colon cancer, suggesting that they represent alternative mechanisms for the generation of a mutator phenotype in this cancer (Fig. 79-2). Other cancer types rarely exhibit ... Human Cancer Certain human malignancies are associated with viruses. Examples include Burkitt's lymphoma (Epstein-Barr virus), hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatitis virus), cervical cancer...
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Chapter 041. Weight Loss (Part 3) pptx
... Chapter 041. Weight Loss (Part 3) Approach to the Patient: Weight Loss Before extensive evaluation is undertaken, ... neoplasm. Q J Med 96: 649, 2003 [PMID: 12925720] Inui A: Cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome: Current issues in research and management. Cancer J Clinicians 52:72, 2002 [PMID: 11929007] Nora E, ... shortness of breath or cough, palpitations, and evidence of neurologic Chest x-ray Recommended cancer screening Further Readings Alibhai S: An approach to the management of unintentional weight...
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