Software Engineering For Students: A Programming Approach Part 13 pot
Software Engineering For Students: A Programming Approach Part 13 pot
... that grows downwards uniformly. This is the breadth-first approach to design; it matches the strict, abstract machine view of software design describedabove.An alternative approach is to pursue ... program. Thecentral idea of structured programming is abstraction. Indeed, we can define struc-tured programming as:“the systematic use of (control) abstraction in programming (Abstraction can ... functional decomposition is to see that at any stage of decompo-sition the solution is expressed in terms of operations that are assumed to be availableand provided by an abstract (or virtual) machine,...
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Software Engineering For Students: A Programming Approach Part 45 pot
... Page 422abstraction 99, 107acceptance test 251, 332activity diagrams 414Ada 177, 189, 215, 233, 254, 393adaptive maintenance 11adversary team 275agile manifesto 330agile methods 330Algol ... 322orthogonality 177OSM 323overwork 334package diagrams 414packages 223pair programming 286, 334paralysis 371parameters 188Pascal 393patient monitoring system case study 113, 229, 410patterns ... 233call by reference 188call by value 188Capability Maturity Model, see CMMcase studies 407casting 193chief programmer teams 351class 201class diagram 143, 144, 170, 209, 228, 413 class...
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Software Engineering For Students: A Programming Approach Part 2 potx
... 163Further reading 164 13 Refactoring 165 13. 1 Introduction 165 13. 2 Encapsulate data 166 13. 3 Move method 167 13. 4 Move data 167 13. 5 Extract class 167 13. 6 Inline class 167 13. 7 Identify composition ... 410B Glossary 411C UML Summary 412C.1 Use case diagrams 412C.2 Class diagrams 413 C.3 Package diagrams 414C.4 Activity diagrams 414Further reading 416Bibliography 417Index 419BELL _A0 1.QXD ... software engineering methods are well-defined while othersare ill-defined. And the processes of software development are always under debate. Software engineering is about imagination and creativity...
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Software Engineering For Students: A Programming Approach Part 7 pot
... cases and UML usecase diagrams. A use case is a textual description of a small, but complete user task. A use case diagram shows all the actors and all the use cases for a system.The main issue ... the system. A user who is carrying out a particular role is called an actor. A use case is a task that an actor needs the systemto carry out. For example, in the ATM system (Appendix A) , one of ... that a use case diagram does not contain the detail associated with a (textual) use case. However, it does give an overall picture of the actors and theuse cases. Thus a use case diagram is an...
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Software Engineering For Students: A Programming Approach Part 20 pot
... “traditional” procedural languages, such as Fortran, Cobol, Ada, C++,Visual Basic, C# and Java. (Other approaches to programming languages are functional programming and logic programming. )The main ... Extract Class. 13. 2 1. a house has -a roof and a door. A house is -a dwelling2. a man (and a woman) is -a person3. an engine has -a piston and a gearbox and an engine4. a car and a bus is -a vehicle.Exercises• 13. 1 ... programming language features for OOP.As we shall see, most mainstream programming languages have a small core and allthe functionality of the language is provided by libraries. This chapter addresses...
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Software Engineering For Students: A Programming Approach Part 22 pot
... by value; a copy of the value of the actual param-eter is passed to the formal parameter, which again acts as a local variable. Manipulationof the formal parameter does not immediately affect ... parameters. Using call by reference, the location of theactual parameter is bound to the formal parameter. The formal and actual parameternames are thus aliases; modification of the formal parameter ... available for the initialization of arrays?The time at which a size must be specified for an array has implications on how thearray may be used. In Java, as in most languages, the size of an...
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Software Engineering For Students: A Programming Approach Part 23 potx
... (index).But, in contrast to an array, items can be added or removed from anywhere withinan array list. Also an array list grows and shrinks as necessary to accommodate therequired data. An array list holds ... accounts, and so on. Through classi-fication, we are able to associate characteristics common to all members of a class. Allmammals are vertebrates (have backbones), are warm-blooded and have ... used as part of a dynamic data structure.Encapsulation means bringing together data and actions that are related. In OOP such a collection is called a class. It consists of some related variable...
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Software Engineering For Students: A Programming Approach Part 24 potx
... Whatever you do to an object in a program, it always retains the features it had when it was created. An object can beassigned to a variable of another class and passed around the program as a ... inheritance, you use an existing class as the basis for creating a modified class.We again use as an example the cyberspace invaders program that displays graphicalimages on the screen – an alien, ... encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism mean that software ismodular, concise and adaptable. It also means that greater use can be made oflibraries of useful components. The programming language...
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Software Engineering For Students: A Programming Approach Part 30 potx
... summary, the rules for selecting test data for black box testing using equivalencepartitioning are:1. partition the input data values2. select representative data from each partition (equivalent ... mathematical notation. One suchspecification language is called Z. Once the formal specification for a program has beenwritten, there are two alternative approaches:1. write the program and then ... fixed, the software is released.Automated testingUnfortunately this is not some automatic way of generating test data. There is no magicalway of doing that. But it is good practice to automate testing...
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Software Engineering For Students: A Programming Approach Part 32 pot
... stipulate what notations are used for the productsat each stage. (This whole book is about the different methods and notations that areavailable.) It merely provides a framework for a development.Different ... Discuss.ExercisesSummaryThe essence and the strengths of the waterfall model are that:■ it divides a complex task into smaller, more manageable tasks■ each task produces a well-defined deliverable.■ each stage ... dis-covered at any stage which reveals a mistake at an earlier stage, nothing can be doneabout it.21.4 ●DiscussionRequirements Engineering ArchitecturaldesignDetaileddesignCodingAcceptanceUnittestingSystemtestingFigure...
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