... degeneracies present in real data. T. M ¨oller et al. (eds.), Mathematical Foundations of Scientific Visualization, Computer 19 Graphics, and Massive Data Exploration, Mathematics and Visualization, DOI: ... ¨oller et al. (eds.), Mathematical Foundations of Scientific Visualization, Computer 1 Graphics, and Massive Data Exploration, Mathematics and Visualization, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-49926-8,c 2009 ... single-byte integer value terrain data set of the Grand Canyon.Figure 12 shows a rendering (a) and the initial Morse–Smale complex (b) of theGrand Canyon data set with 11,620 critical points....