Measuring Innovation in OECD and NON-OECD Countries doc

... www.hsrcpress.ac.zaxiiiForewordThrough฀the฀Department฀of฀Science and Technology฀(DST),฀South฀Africa฀has฀had฀the฀benefit฀of฀observer฀membership฀on฀the OECD s฀Committee฀for฀Scientific and Technological฀Policy฀(CSTP)฀since฀1998.฀This฀allows฀South฀Africa฀to฀participate in the฀Global฀Science฀Forum฀(GSF),฀Working฀Group฀on฀Technology and Innovation Policy฀(TIP),฀National฀Experts฀on฀Science and Technology฀Indicators฀(NESTI) and the฀Working฀Party฀on฀Biotechnology฀(WPB).฀The฀work฀of฀NESTI,฀particularly in the฀areas฀of฀Research and Experimental฀Development฀(R&D) and Innovation Surveys,฀has฀been฀of฀special฀interest฀to฀the฀Department and led฀to฀the OECD and South฀Africa฀hosting฀a฀joint฀seminar฀on฀the฀measurement฀of innovation activities in OECD and non -OECD countries in Pretoria in March฀2001.฀The฀seminar฀was฀well฀attended,฀with132฀delegates฀from OECD countries and other฀regions฀of฀the฀world฀(Africa,฀Latin฀America and Asia)฀participating in a฀very฀fruitful฀exchange฀of฀experiences.฀The฀importance฀of฀regular฀measurement฀of฀both฀R&D and innovation through฀proper฀national฀surveys฀was฀brought฀into฀focus฀for฀South฀Africa฀at฀the฀seminar.฀I฀would฀like฀to฀take฀this฀opportunity฀to฀sincerely฀thank฀the฀Steering฀Committee and the฀team฀from฀the OECD Secretariat฀for฀their฀hard฀work in ensuring฀that฀the฀seminar฀was฀a฀success.I฀am฀pleased฀to฀report฀that฀since฀the฀seminar,฀South฀Africa฀has฀made฀rapid฀progress฀ in establishing฀a฀reliable,฀nationally and internationally฀accepted฀set฀of฀official฀science฀ and technology฀statistics.฀These฀statistics in turn฀provide฀the฀main฀indicators฀required฀to฀underpin฀the฀implementation฀of฀South฀Africa’s฀national฀R&D฀Strategy฀as฀outlined฀by฀government. In 2002,฀the฀Centre฀for฀Science,฀Technology and Innovation Indicators฀(CeSTII)฀of฀the฀Human฀Sciences฀Research฀Council฀was฀commissioned฀by฀DST฀to฀undertake฀a฀regular฀series฀of฀R&D and Innovation Surveys in order฀to฀establish฀a฀baseline฀of฀official฀S&T฀indicators. In June฀2004,฀the฀DST and Statistics฀South฀Africa฀signed฀a฀Memorandum฀of฀Agreement฀concerning฀the฀recognition฀of฀official฀national฀science and technology฀statistics.฀This฀book฀thus฀records฀an฀important฀historical฀turning฀point in South฀Africa’s฀progress฀towards฀an฀effective฀national฀system฀of innovation. ฀The฀seminar฀brought฀to฀the฀fore฀some฀of฀the฀key฀critical฀differences฀between฀developed and developing countries in their฀approaches฀to measuring innovation. ฀These฀differences฀are฀clearly฀reflected in the฀various฀chapters฀of฀this฀book,฀which฀cover฀some฀of฀the฀most฀important฀debates฀that฀emerged฀during฀the฀seminar.Rob฀AdamDirector-GeneralDepartment฀of฀Science and TechnologySouth฀AfricaFree ... Victor฀Ross฀&฀Anton฀KleingeldChapter฀6฀ Macroeconomic฀measures฀for฀the฀return฀on฀investment in innovation 83฀ ฀ David฀WalwynPart฀2฀฀ Approaches฀to measuring innovation in regions and countries Chapter฀7฀ Innovation surveys:฀Lessons฀from฀the฀experiences฀of OECD countries ... The฀conceptual฀fluidity฀of฀national innovation systems:฀Implications฀for฀฀฀ ฀ innovation measures฀ 9฀ ฀ Mario฀ScerriChapter฀2฀ Innovation systems in emerging and developing฀economies฀ 21฀ ฀ Jean-Eric฀AubertChapter฀3฀ Developing฀the฀linkage฀between฀policy and innovation measurement฀...

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