... sub-unit of PP2A as modeled by comparison with the U2A¢–U2B¢¢complex. The other two subunits shield most of the surface of PP2A–C. (B) Structure of the U2A¢–U2B¢¢ complex [20].Study of the interactions ... the structure of this region is flexible and is likely to be involved in theregulation of phosphorylation-dependent functions of Anp32a [1,3].Probing the dynamics in solution of the Anp32aLRR ... species of this size insolution [29]. The flat profile of the relaxation parame-ters along the sequence indicates that, with the excep-tion of the first two N-terminal amino acids and of theC-terminal...
... sequence of Colloc(ations), each of which consists of a sequence of Words.sible for an adaptor grammar to generate a sentenceas a sequence of collocations, each of which con-sists of a sequence of ... expands to each of the 50 dis-tinct phonemes present in the Brent corpus. Thisgrammar defines a Sentence to consist of a sequence of Words, where a Word consists of a sequence of Phonemes. The ... Journal of ChildLanguage, 12:271–296.Karin M¨uller. 2001. Automatic detection of syllableboundaries combining the advantages of treebank andbracketed corpora training. In Proceedings of the...
... of the same randomized sets of sentences used by Smith and Eisner. Note that training on sets of contiguous sentences from the beginning of the treebank con-sistently improves our results, often ... variation of information(Meilˇa, 2002). The variation of information (VI) be-tween two clusterings C (the gold standard) and C′(the found clustering) of a set of data points is a sum of the ... Bayesian Approach to Unsupervised Part -of- Speech Tagging∗Sharon GoldwaterDepartment of LinguisticsStanford Universitysgwater@stanford.eduThomas L. GriffithsDepartment of PsychologyUC Berkeleytomgriffiths@berkeley.eduAbstractUnsupervised...
... IntroductionAn automatic speech recognition (ASR) systemconsists of acoustic models of speech sounds and of a statistical language model (LM). The LMlearns the probabilities of word sequences fromtext ... afford from the top of the list. However, therelevance of a query is dependent on the sequence of past queries (because of the decay factor). Find-ing the optimal order of the queries takes ... Proceedings of the 12th Conference of the European Chapter of the ACL, pages 157–165,Athens, Greece, 30 March – 3 April 2009.c2009 Association for Computational LinguisticsWeb augmentation of language...
... protein) of YYY49 and YYT42 con-tained approximately 1 and 2 ng of hHSF2, and those of YYT50 andYYT17 contained approximately 0.01 and 0.1 ng of hHSF4, asjudged by the intensity of each band. ... of heat shock protein (HSP) expres-sion. Many HSPs function as molecular chaperonesthat aid the folding of damaged proteins, andincreased accumulation of HSPs is essential for sur-vival of ... Deletion of the C-terminal half of hHSF4 (hHSF4-n355–VP16 and hHSF4-n217–VP16)did not significantly affect transcriptional activity orHSE specificity, with the exception of a slight decrease of HSE3P–SV40p–LUC...
... candidates. Of the 740 cloze tests, 714 of theremoved events were present in their respective list of guesses. This is encouraging as only 3.5% of theevents are unseen (or do not meet cutoff thresholds).When ... thus a tuple of the event and thetyped dependency of the protagonist: (event, depen-dency). A narrative chain is a set of narrative events{e1, e2, , en}, where n is the size of the chain, ... presorted topics of doc-uments to learn inferences. In addition, we appliedstate of the art temporal classification to show thatsets of events can be partially ordered. Judgements of coherence...
... agood start). In Proceedings of the ACL.S. Goldwater and T. L. Griffiths. 2007. A fullyBayesian approach to unsupervised part -of- speechtagging. In Proceedings of the ACL.M. Hyder and K. Mahata. ... minimize the size of the model simultane-ously. We define the size of a model as the number of non-zero probabilities in its parameter vector.Let θ1, . . . , θnbe the components of θ. We wouldlike ... Optimization of an MDL-Inspired Objective Function for Unsupervised Part -of- Speech TaggingAshish Vaswani1Adam Pauls2David Chiang11Information Sciences InstituteUniversity of Southern...
... English data is an edited ver-sion of the public-domain portion of the corpus usedby Sonderegger (2011), and consists of just under12000 stanzas spanning a range of poets and datesfrom the 15thto ... 2011.c2011 Association for Computational Linguistics Unsupervised Discovery of Rhyme SchemesSravana ReddyDepartment of Computer ScienceThe University of ChicagoChicago, IL 60637sravana@cs.uchicago.eduKevin ... extremely useful forlarge-scale statistical analyses of poetic texts.• Historical Linguistics/Study of DialectsRhymes of a word in poetry of a given timeperiod or dialect region provide clues...
... im-provement in the efficacy of the SSS algorithm asdescribed in Section 2. It is based on observingthat the improvement in the goodness of fit by upto two consecutive splits of any of the current HMMstates ... eigen-vector of Σsand 0 < 1 is typically 0.2.3. Re-estimate all parameters of this (overgrown)HMM. Gather the Gaussian sufficient statisticsfor each of the 4N states from the last pass of re-estimation: ... ways of splitting theN original states than SSS does. E.g. going up fromN = 6 to N +∆ = 9 HMM states could be achievedby a 4-way split of a single state, a 3-way split of onestate and 2-way of...
... research aim of apaper, or a claimed gap in the literature. Similarly,in the task of automatic routing of customer emailsand automatic answering of some of these, the de-tection of threats of legal ... score of 3.08 to system-extracted sentences in Exp. A,compared with a baseline of 1.58 and a ceiling of 3.9110; in Exp. B, the system scored 3.67, witha higher baseline of 2.50 and a ceiling of ... number of seed combinations, M is the size of the goldenlist, giis the ith member of the golden list and rijis its rankin the retrieved list of combination j while nijis the number of golden...
... performance of the state of the art,language specific stemmer above.We can speculate that, because of the statisticalnature of the unsupervised stemmer, it tends to fo-cus on the same kind of meaning ... views,conclusions and findings in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the posi-tion of policy of the Government and no of cial en-dorsement should be inferred.ReferencesP. ... indicates animprovement of 22-38% in average pre-cision over unstemmed text, and 96% of the performance of the proprietary stem-mer above.1 IntroductionStemming is the process of normalizing word...
... can cover wider range of in- stances of re-linkage. The result of the extension is shown in Table 2 (for cases each of which shares a subject) and Table 3 (for cases each of which has distinct ... constituents of one clause bear certain kind of structural relationship to those of the other. Although there are an infinite number of situations, there seems to be only a small number of properties ... structures of the clauses between which that relation holds. We carried out an experiment and obtained the correct recognition ratio of 82% for the 280 sentences. 1 Introduction One of the basic...
... is thus a measure of the degree of statistical dependence between the words. The log of this ratio is the amount of information that we acquire about the presence of one of the words when ... summary of the corpus of reviews. Domain of Review Number of Reviews Average Phrases per Review Automobiles 75 20.87 Honda Accord 37 18.78 Volkswagen Jetta 38 22.89 Banks 120 18.52 Bank of ... are reviews of the Bank of America. Both are in the collection of 410 reviews from Epinions that are used in the experi-ments in Section 4. Table 2. An example of the processing of a review...
... witha-peptides (oligomers of a-amino acids) has recently beenapplied to the syntheses of linear tetrapeptides of somato-statin [20] and of cyclic tetrapeptide and pentapeptideanalogues of the RGD sequence ... structures of the b-aminoacidsthatbestfitareshown in Fig. 6. They all correspond to gauche(+) values of the h angle. The methyl group of b2-HAla occupies aposition close to that of CH2b of Pro ... response of these agonists could be explained bythe number of receptors to be occupied by these agonists toget activation of the second messenger cascade as reported[40].Enzymatic degradation of...