... improve competence in a second language . Therefore, the language learner capable of using a wide variety of language learning strategies appropriately can improve his language skills in a better ... true of me”; (2) “Usually not true of me”, (3) “Somewhat true of me”, (4) “Usually true of me” or (5) “Always true of me”. For the convenience of the respondents and the researcher’s purpose of ... statement is (1)“Never true of me”; (2)“Usually not true of me”, (3) “Somewhat true of me”, (4) “Usually true of me” or (5) “Always true of me”. The whole set of questionnaire was translated...
... assists in the successful acquisition of a second language. At the same time it is necessary to view motivation as one of a number of variables in an intricate model of interrelated individual ... Factor in Second Language Acquisition Jacqueline Norris-Holt This paper explores Gardner's socio-educational model and the significance of motivationas a contributing factor in secondlanguage ... for language learning. Both forms of motivation are examined inlight of research which has been undertaken to establish the correlation between the form of motivation and successful second language...
... states of each of the two models are unseen and must be inferred from the words. The problem oflanguage understanding, then, is to recover the most likely meaning structure given a sequence of ... these techniques are capable of relatively high levels of performance. While hidden understanding models are based primarily on the concepts of hidden Markov models, we have also shown their ... techniques. Empirical results, including the results of an ARPA 31 HIDDEN UNDERSTANDING MODELS OF NATURAL LANGUAGE Scott Miller College of Computer Science Northeastern University Boston,...
... Automatic Acquisitionof English Topic Signatures Based ona Second Language Xinglong WangDepartment of InformaticsUniversity of SussexBrighton, BN1 9QH, UKxw20@sussex.ac.ukAbstractWe ... Proceedings of the 16thConference of the Amer-ican Association of Artificial Intelligence.Rada Mihalcea. 2003. The role of non-ambiguouswords in natural language disambiguation. In Pro-ceedings of ... quantities of high quality data. An-other problem is that if two languages are closelyrelated, data for some words cannot be collectedbecause different senses of polysemous words inone language often...
... efficiency of parameter-setting acquisition models. We have recently run experiments of seven parameter-setting (P&P) modelsofacquisition on the domain. What follows is a brief discussion of ... resource for investigators interested in computational modelsof natural language acquisition. 2 The Language Domain Database The focus of the language domain database, (hereafter LDD), is to ... 27 (4), 605-622. Briscoe, T. (2000). Grammatical acquisition: Inductive bias and coevolution oflanguage and the language acquisition device. Language, 76 (2), 245-296. Chomsky, N. (1981) Lectures...
... instances of complete natural language interfaces which comprise beth syntactic and semantic components. As such they are potential models for the development of interfaces to new types of software ... They avoid the general theoretical problem of what a semantics of natural language should consist of by an operational approach in which the propositional content of a sentence is represented ... Warren and Pereira (1982) inter a//a. 245 Acquisitionof Conceptual Data Models from Natural Language Descriptions William J.Black, Department of Computation, UMIST, PO Box 88, Sackville...
... ignored in the for- mal studies oflanguage acquisition. In the rest of this section, I show that if this condition is taken se- riously, previous modelsoflanguageacquisition have difficulties ... population of grammars Learning, including language acquisition, can be characterized as a sequence of states in which the learner moves from one state to another. Transfor- mational modelsoflanguage ... Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA 02139 charles@ai, mit. edu Abstract This paper argues that developmental patterns in child language be taken seriously in computational models oflanguage acquisition, ...
... con-tents (e.g., a pair of a crime report and the arrest355 Table 1: Statistics of # of Days, Articles, and Article SizesSiteTotal # of DaysTotal # of of ArticlesAverage # of Articles per DayAverage ... with the help of cross -language retrieval of relevant texts is quiteeffective in improving the performance of preciseestimation of bilingual term correspondences.2 Acquisitionof Bilingual ... used.3 Acquisitionof Bilingual TermCorrespondences from Cross-Lingually Relevant Texts3.1 Cross -Language Retrieval of Rele-vant News ArticlesThis section gives the overview of our frameworkof...
... The role of home language proficiency in secondlanguage acquisition 5 1.1.2 Music to enhance the learning of a secondlanguage 8 1.2 Motivation of the research 9 1.3 Statement of the problem ... second language. Second languageacquisition builds on first language skills. In the opinion of Krashen, (1997: 1) ”…literacy developed in the primary language, transfers to the secondlanguage . ... 12), acquisitionoflanguage means the gradual development of ability in a language by using it naturally in communicative situations. Learning a secondlanguage therefore, means the process of...
... intersection of two matriciblelanguages is again a matricible language. Proof. This is a direct consequence of the con-siderations in Section 6 together with the observa-tion, that the new set of acceptance ... (non-context-free) language {ambmcm| m > 0}.The following properties of matrix grammarsand matricible language are straightforward.Proposition 2 All languages characterized by aset of linear ... underlying word space models; e.g.,the modelsof Widdows (2008) and Giesbrecht(2009) feature dimensionality reduction while that of Mitchell and Lapata (2008) does not. In thelight of these findings,...
... LinguisticsThe use of formal languagemodels in the typology of the morphology of Amerindian languagesAndr´es Osvaldo PortaUniversidad de Buenos Aireshugporta@yahoo.com.arAbstractThe aim of this ... somepreliminary results of an investigation incourse on the typology of the morphol-ogy of the native South American lan-guages from the point of view of the for-mal language theory. With this ... examples of de-scriptions of two Aboriginal languages fi-nite verb forms morphology: ArgentineanQuechua (quichua santiague˜no) and Toba.The description of the morphology of thefinite verb forms of...
... Learning Environment forJapanese as SecondLanguage ”, Proceedings of AIED ’97, pp.247-254. Diagnostic Processing of Japanese forComputer-Assisted SecondLanguage LearningJun’ichi Kakegawa, ... classroom ofsecond language learning, communicative approach(H.G. Wid-dowson, 1977) is promoted in which it mat-ters for the students to become aware of the language use, i.e. the functionality of ... moreover, in-clude the knowledge of situated language use.Appearance of the features at the externalnodes of the lexical items greatly facilitatesgeneration of local phrases which is indispens-able...
... SRILM toolsand then converted to an FST. This allows the use of a wide set of stochastic languagemodels (bothback-off and interpolated models with several dis-counting techniques like Good-Turing, ... evalu-ation of spoken understanding models and linguis-tic studies. The corpus is composed of 1257 di-alogs, from 250 different speakers, acquired witha Wizard of Oz (WOZ) approach in the context of ... Proceedings of the 12th Conference of the European Chapter of the ACL, pages 202–210,Athens, Greece, 30 March – 3 April 2009.c2009 Association for Computational LinguisticsRe-Ranking Models For...
... cues to second- language learners’ listeningcomprehension of a videotaped lecture by a native speaker of English. A total of 42 low-intermediate and advancedlearners of English as a secondlanguage ... creating zones of proximal developmentfor secondlanguage learning. Modern Language Journal, 86, 192–203.McCafferty, S. G., & Ahmed, M. (2000). The appropriation of gestures of theabstract ... the McGurk effect. Language Learning, 46, 213–283.Hardison, D. M. (2003). Acquisitionof second- language speech: Effects of visual cues, context, and talker variability. Applied Psycholinguistics,24,...
... display different discourse patterns in language usage compared to their secondlanguage contemporaries. The languageof science can only exacerbate secondlanguage students‟ problems since it ... different from everyday language at discourse level (Parkinson, 2000). Krashen (1981) cited in Uzawa (1996) in his theories ofsecondlanguage learning and secondlanguageacquisition makes a case ... tools could include the use of a set of questions instead of a rubric to assess the efforts of English Second Language students. Ongoing academic support in the form of mentoring should be provided...