subtle differences and research implications

Tài liệu Research evaluation of economic, social, and ecological implications of the programme for commercial tree plantations: case study of rubber in the south of Laos PDR pptx

... agricultural land, forest land, water area areas, industrial land, communications land, cultural land, national defence land, national peace and security land, and construction land “The area of land in ... regulation related to land and forest in 19791 with the objective of protection and preservation of the forest This Regulation defined land and forest as “land and forest land in the entirety of ... for Land and Natural Resource Management District Organization for Land and Natural Resource Management Village Unit for Land and Natural Resource Management 2.3 Land use rights of villages and...

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Báo cáo y học: "Clinical review: Sleep measurement in critical care patients: research and clinical implications" pdf

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

... practicality and a compromise between frequency and accuracy will be necessary No – extensive observation required of eyelid positioning, respiration, and eye and body motility and responses ... Results are presented as number and percentage, mean and standard deviation (SD), or median and interquartile range (IQR), as appropriate APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation ... received opioid and nocturnal benzodiazepine Not stated Opioid and local analgesia, some benzodiazepines Majority nocturnal benzodiazepines and/ or barbiturates Majority nocturnal opioids and/ or benzodiazepines...

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Significant substitutive figures of speech – linguistic functions and pedagogical implications part 1

Danh mục: Thạc sĩ - Cao học

...

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Significant substitutive figures of speech – linguistic functions and pedagogical implications part 2

Danh mục: Thạc sĩ - Cao học

... More importantly, unlike love and people and even more so than looks and hugs, eyes and arms are concrete, visible and touchable, and therefore seem closer to buyable and sellable items Although ... hire some more hands” or “She’s got new wheels,” which not literally refer to a hand or a set of wheels Instead, they stand for the whole person or object – hand for the whole person and wheels for ... instance, Sherwood Anderson may have well omitted the “ands” in italics in the following sentences in the short story “The Corn Planting.” “He made drawings of fish and pigs and cows and they looked...

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Differences and similarities between prescriptive and descriptive strategiesx

Danh mục: Quản lý dự án

... Marketing and Customer Service Management , 15 (3), 169-190 T Shimizu, M M (2006) Concepts and History of Strategy in Oganizations In Strategic Alignment Process and Decision Support Systems: Theory and ... climate conditions • The Earth: conditions of the land • The Chief: virtues of wisdom, sincerity, benevolence, courage, and righteousness • The Method and discipline: the correct deployment of the ... oriented organization applying a customer intimacy philosophy In closing, after my research on both prescriptive and descriptive strategies, I believe that in our constantly changing world that...

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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 1

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... own assessment and report separately to its respective board It is recognized that there may be differences between the Bank and Fund in these assessments and possible scenarios and it is not ... of public and publicly guaranteed external debt to gross domestic product and to exports, and debt service on the same debt to exports to judge debt sustainability Country policies and institutional ... Allocation System that uses the Country Policy and Institutional Assessment and governance rating of the country concerned The increase in grants has implications for the future of IDA funding which...

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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 2

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... balance and payments and budgets, the mix of loans and grants in its future financing arrangements, and the build-up of its repayment capacity relative to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and export and ... Countries: Proposal for an Operational Framework and Policy Implications by Mark Allen and Gobind Nankani, IMF and IDA, February 3, 2004 Debt Sustainability and Financing Terms in IDA 14, IDA, June 2004 ... discussed above and in Annex These were the PV of public and publicly guaranteed external debt to GDP, exports, and government revenue, and debt service on the same debt to exports, and government...

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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 3

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... policies and institutional capability and vulnerability to shocks are other factors identified as being important for assessing a country’s debt sustainability In particular, country policies and ... chosen indicators of countries with poor, medium and strong institutional capabilities and quality of policies with the cut offs at the 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles of the CPIA index ranked in ... maintain sustainable debt levels and reduce the risk to IDA of debt problems in the countries in which IDA will provide a significant share of financing under IDA 14 and later These multiple factors...

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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 4

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... resources, safety nets; and poverty monitoring and analysis; and • Public sector management and institutions, including property rights and rule-based governance; quality of budgetary and financial management; ... policy and foreign exchange regime; financial stability and depth; banking sector efficiency and resource mobilization; competitive environment for the private sector; factor and product markets; and ... criteria used and the CPIA for 2003 • Economic management, including management of inflation and the current account; fiscal policy; management of external debt; and management and sustainability...

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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 5 docx

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... charges and commitment fees) materialize and upfront charges for grants are levied (to replace foregone principal reflows) it would reduce the need to harden the credit terms for both IDA only and ... allocations thereby weakening the desired relationship between institutional capability and policy performance and the allocation of funds In view of this, IDA management has proposed an upfront ... credits, and imposing upfront charges on grant recipients Additional grant financing by donors is made up of two parts The first is the upfront payment by donors of the foregone service and commitment...

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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 6 docx

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... charges and commitment fees) materialize and upfront charges for grants are levied (to replace foregone principal reflows) it would reduce the need to harden the credit terms for both IDA only and ... allocations thereby weakening the desired relationship between institutional capability and policy performance and the allocation of funds In view of this, IDA management has proposed an upfront ... credits, and imposing upfront charges on grant recipients Additional grant financing by donors is made up of two parts The first is the upfront payment by donors of the foregone service and commitment...

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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 7 ppt

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... will make its own assessment and report separately to its respective board It is recognized that there may be differences between the Bank and Fund in these assessments and possible scenarios It ... experience and little applied knowledge (e.g., institutional development, gender equality, and labor-intensive growth) The United Nations has a stronger mandate to work in the political arena and assess ... lending and grants Given the importance of DSAs for each low income country in the application of the DSF and borrowing from the IMF, it is necessary that these be conducted in a collaborative and...

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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 8 doc

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... ratings and the inputs expected from and the involvement of national staff in the process There should be opportunities for the Bank to present their findings both to the country concerned and donor ... DSAs and consequently of government revenue in determining debt indicators and their threshold values Similarly, it is also recommended that studies be conducted on determining indicators and ... following conclusions and recommendations seek to enhance the prospects that, if approved, the DSF would provide a solid basis for the international community, in general, and IDA, in particular,...

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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 9 pptx

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... single year from its earnings from goods and non-factor services c) Public debt outstanding to GDP or GNI ratio compares the total of domestic and external outstanding to the size of the economy Present ... proportion of exports of goods and non- factor services that are absorbed for debt service payments on both long and short-term debt Debt Burden Ratios a) The total debt outstanding to GDP or GNI ratio ... GNI ratio compares the amount of disbursed debt outstanding to the size of the economy b) The total debt outstanding to exports of goods and non-factor services ratio measures the ability of...

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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 10 doc

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... equal access to entry and exit in all products and sectors • Factor and product markets This item addresses the policies that affect the efficiency of markets for land, labor and goods Countries ... entry and banks’ total capital to assets ratio less than 8% Countries with high scores have diversified and competitive financial sectors that include insurance, equity and debt finance and non-bank ... which economic and environmental policies foster the protection and sustainable use of natural resources (soil, water, forests, etc.), the control of pollution, and the capture and investment...

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DEMAND FOR MONEY IN LAO PDR AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS

Danh mục: Tiến sĩ

... where: MD is the total demand for money, M1 is the sum of transaction and precautionary demands and M2 is speculative demand In this schedule, transaction and precautionary demand depend only on the ... Money demand MD Total demand for money M1 Sum of transaction and precautionary demands (narrow money) M2 Speculative demand (broad money) tc Transaction costs r Interest rate M/P = rm Demand for ... demonstrated by Granger and Newbold (1974) and Plosser and Schwert (1978), Hafer and Hein (1980) and Gordon (1984b) showed that it is preferable to estimate a money demand function such as (1.14)...

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Tài liệu Báo cáo " English - A global language and its implications for students " ppt

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

... power-base (economic, military, politic) As he puts it “language exits only in the brains and mouths and ears and hands and eyes of its users When they succeed, on the international stage, their language ... status” and super power in economic to maintain and expand, English now strongly confirms its undeniable dominance as a “global language” in both academic communication and every day fields The implications ... independent and open thinking, therefore, are built up and developed Thanks to their broaden knowledge, students will then evaluate their ways of thinking and change or develop it in a suitable and better...

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Tài liệu Irish Economy Note No. 10 “The U.S. and Irish Credit Crises: Their Distinctive Differences and Common Features” ppt

Danh mục: Ngân hàng - Tín dụng

... Conefrey, T., and J Fitzgerald (2009) “Managing Housing Bubbles in Regional Economies under EMU: Ireland and Spain,” working paper no 315, Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin, Ireland Coval, ... of Anglo and Irish Nationwide expanded by an average of 36% and 20% per year over the ten-year period from 1998 to 2007 Honohan argues that, using standard procedures, the Irish Lavery and O’Brien ... Foundation of Ireland under grant 08/SRC/FM1389 Introduction This paper compares the two linked, but separate, credit crises in the U.S and Ireland, explores the differences between them, and reaches...

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Tài liệu From Great Depression to Great Credit Crisis: Similarities, Differences and Lessons pdf

Danh mục: Ngân hàng - Tín dụng

... European industrializers like Finland, Hungary, Ireland, Poland and Portugal.17 It is even less 15 See footnote 11 This also has important implications for understanding the collapse of trade, as ... with devaluation in Britain and Japan and the imposition of exchange controls in Germany in the third quarter of that year, and with U.S abandonment of the gold standard some 18 months later ... (Belgium, France, and Switzerland); the sterling area (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Portugal, Sweden and the UK); other depreciators (Argentina, Brazil, Japan and Spain); the USA,...

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