sanitary and ecological implications

Tài liệu Research evaluation of economic, social, and ecological implications of the programme for commercial tree plantations: case study of rubber in the south of Laos PDR pptx

... agricultural land, forest land, water area areas, industrial land, communications land, cultural land, national defence land, national peace and security land, and construction land “The area of land in ... regulation related to land and forest in 19791 with the objective of protection and preservation of the forest This Regulation defined land and forest as “land and forest land in the entirety of ... Information and Research of Land and Natural Resources, National Land Management Authority), Non-Government Organisations (Foundation for Ecological Recovery, Thailand and other NGOs in Lao PDR) and...

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Ecological Services Analysis Some Evidences and Policy Implications for Socio- Economic Development of Ecosystems of Việt Trì City, Phú Thọ Province

Danh mục: Tổng hợp

... Sciences and Technology, Vol 31, No (2015) 62-67 64 lakes in the city are being focused on expanding for rising the city’s landscape and cultural life ecosystem is particularly concerned to protect and ... area and riverportecosystem has several advantageous conditions so as to remain and develop 3.2 Analyze and assess the importance of ecological services of ecosystems [1, 3, 6] - Grass land ecosystem ... methods are used - Ecological fieldwork: observe and take photos of ecosystems - Sociological survey - Collecting documents, synthesis and statistical data processing - Analysis of ecological services...

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255
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Significant substitutive figures of speech – linguistic functions and pedagogical implications part 1

Danh mục: Thạc sĩ - Cao học

...

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397
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Significant substitutive figures of speech – linguistic functions and pedagogical implications part 2

Danh mục: Thạc sĩ - Cao học

... More importantly, unlike love and people and even more so than looks and hugs, eyes and arms are concrete, visible and touchable, and therefore seem closer to buyable and sellable items Although ... hire some more hands” or “She’s got new wheels,” which not literally refer to a hand or a set of wheels Instead, they stand for the whole person or object – hand for the whole person and wheels for ... instance, Sherwood Anderson may have well omitted the “ands” in italics in the following sentences in the short story “The Corn Planting.” “He made drawings of fish and pigs and cows and they looked...

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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 1

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... of public and publicly guaranteed external debt to gross domestic product and to exports, and debt service on the same debt to exports to judge debt sustainability Country policies and institutional ... countries based on the performance of their institutions and policies and determine thresholds for selected debt indicators for each country grouping and then estimate the level of debt distress as measured ... Allocation System that uses the Country Policy and Institutional Assessment and governance rating of the country concerned The increase in grants has implications for the future of IDA funding which...

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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 2

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... balance and payments and budgets, the mix of loans and grants in its future financing arrangements, and the build-up of its repayment capacity relative to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and export and ... Countries: Proposal for an Operational Framework and Policy Implications by Mark Allen and Gobind Nankani, IMF and IDA, February 3, 2004 Debt Sustainability and Financing Terms in IDA 14, IDA, June 2004 ... discussed above and in Annex These were the PV of public and publicly guaranteed external debt to GDP, exports, and government revenue, and debt service on the same debt to exports, and government...

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327
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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 3

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... policies and institutional capability and vulnerability to shocks are other factors identified as being important for assessing a country’s debt sustainability In particular, country policies and ... chosen indicators of countries with poor, medium and strong institutional capabilities and quality of policies with the cut offs at the 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles of the CPIA index ranked in ... the external debt outstanding; (b) an application to the Paris Club for debt restructuring of official debt when a breakdown in the payments system is judged to be imminent; and (c) the country...

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312
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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 4

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... resources, safety nets; and poverty monitoring and analysis; and • Public sector management and institutions, including property rights and rule-based governance; quality of budgetary and financial management; ... policy and foreign exchange regime; financial stability and depth; banking sector efficiency and resource mobilization; competitive environment for the private sector; factor and product markets; and ... criteria used and the CPIA for 2003 • Economic management, including management of inflation and the current account; fiscal policy; management of external debt; and management and sustainability...

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351
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 5 docx

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... charges and commitment fees) materialize and upfront charges for grants are levied (to replace foregone principal reflows) it would reduce the need to harden the credit terms for both IDA only and ... allocations thereby weakening the desired relationship between institutional capability and policy performance and the allocation of funds In view of this, IDA management has proposed an upfront ... credits, and imposing upfront charges on grant recipients Additional grant financing by donors is made up of two parts The first is the upfront payment by donors of the foregone service and commitment...

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464
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 6 docx

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... charges and commitment fees) materialize and upfront charges for grants are levied (to replace foregone principal reflows) it would reduce the need to harden the credit terms for both IDA only and ... allocations thereby weakening the desired relationship between institutional capability and policy performance and the allocation of funds In view of this, IDA management has proposed an upfront ... credits, and imposing upfront charges on grant recipients Additional grant financing by donors is made up of two parts The first is the upfront payment by donors of the foregone service and commitment...

6
399
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 7 ppt

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... experience and little applied knowledge (e.g., institutional development, gender equality, and labor-intensive growth) The United Nations has a stronger mandate to work in the political arena and assess ... stock and flow problems in formulating an appropriate borrowing strategy A high current debt service ratio combined with a low level of debt stock needs to be handled as a liquidity problem and ... lending and grants Given the importance of DSAs for each low income country in the application of the DSF and borrowing from the IMF, it is necessary that these be conducted in a collaborative and...

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378
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 8 doc

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... ratings and the inputs expected from and the involvement of national staff in the process There should be opportunities for the Bank to present their findings both to the country concerned and donor ... DSAs and consequently of government revenue in determining debt indicators and their threshold values Similarly, it is also recommended that studies be conducted on determining indicators and ... following conclusions and recommendations seek to enhance the prospects that, if approved, the DSF would provide a solid basis for the international community, in general, and IDA, in particular,...

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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 9 pptx

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... single year from its earnings from goods and non-factor services c) Public debt outstanding to GDP or GNI ratio compares the total of domestic and external outstanding to the size of the economy Present ... proportion of exports of goods and non- factor services that are absorbed for debt service payments on both long and short-term debt Debt Burden Ratios a) The total debt outstanding to GDP or GNI ratio ... GNI ratio compares the amount of disbursed debt outstanding to the size of the economy b) The total debt outstanding to exports of goods and non-factor services ratio measures the ability of...

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342
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 10 doc

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... equal access to entry and exit in all products and sectors • Factor and product markets This item addresses the policies that affect the efficiency of markets for land, labor and goods Countries ... entry and banks’ total capital to assets ratio less than 8% Countries with high scores have diversified and competitive financial sectors that include insurance, equity and debt finance and non-bank ... which economic and environmental policies foster the protection and sustainable use of natural resources (soil, water, forests, etc.), the control of pollution, and the capture and investment...

15
357
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DEMAND FOR MONEY IN LAO PDR AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS

Danh mục: Tiến sĩ

... where: MD is the total demand for money, M1 is the sum of transaction and precautionary demands and M2 is speculative demand In this schedule, transaction and precautionary demand depend only on the ... Money demand MD Total demand for money M1 Sum of transaction and precautionary demands (narrow money) M2 Speculative demand (broad money) tc Transaction costs r Interest rate M/P = rm Demand for ... demonstrated by Granger and Newbold (1974) and Plosser and Schwert (1978), Hafer and Hein (1980) and Gordon (1984b) showed that it is preferable to estimate a money demand function such as (1.14)...

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Tài liệu Báo cáo " English - A global language and its implications for students " ppt

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

... power-base (economic, military, politic) As he puts it “language exits only in the brains and mouths and ears and hands and eyes of its users When they succeed, on the international stage, their language ... status” and super power in economic to maintain and expand, English now strongly confirms its undeniable dominance as a “global language” in both academic communication and every day fields The implications ... independent and open thinking, therefore, are built up and developed Thanks to their broaden knowledge, students will then evaluate their ways of thinking and change or develop it in a suitable and better...

7
771
5

Tài liệu Cancer as an evolutionary and ecological process pptx

Danh mục: Sức khỏe giới tính

... cartography of neoplastic fitness landscapes Conclusions and future directions To understand cancer, we need to understand and measure the population dynamics and evolutionary parameters of neoplasms ... death and proliferation enable a mutant clone with a survival or reproductive advantage to expand The presence of proliferating and apoptotic cells in neoplasms implies that clones can expand and ... evolving clones, competing and cooperating with each other and other cells in their microenvironment, and this has important implications for both neoplastic progression and therapy • Selection...

12
411
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Tài liệu the supply oF money – banK behaViour and the implications For monetary analysis doc

Danh mục: Ngân hàng - Tín dụng

... behaviour and the implications for monetary analysis See Brunner, K and Meltzer, A., “Money Supply”, in Friedman, B and Hahn, F.H (eds.), Handbook of Monetary Economics, Vol. I, North-Holland, Amsterdam, ... growth often affect both sides, and demand and supply interact 2.2Money Supply and Monetary policy Money supply originates in the behaviour of the central bank and banks A common distinction ... intermediation and the money creation processes, and highlight the interdependence between the credit and the money markets.5 In principle, it is possible to distinguish between money supply and money demand...

17
519
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Tài liệu The Legal and Economic Implications of Electronic Discovery pptx

Danh mục: Khoa học xã hội

... work in progress All RAND occasional papers undergo rigorous peer review to ensure that they meet high standards for research quality and objectivity The Legal and Economic Implications of Electronic ... corporations, trade and professional associations, and individuals; by government grants and contracts; and by private foundations ICJ disseminates its work widely to the legal, business, and research ... Discovery Standards, Chicago, IL, August 2004 As of September 19, 2007: http:// www.abanet.org/litigation/discoverystandards/2004civildiscoverystandards.pdf 10 The Legal and Economic Implications...

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Báo cáo " A brief comparison of Vietnamese intonation and English intonation and its implications for teaching English intonation to Vietnamese EFL learners " pptx

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

... progressive and systematic training, and from practice and language use Conclusion This study has compared several intonational features of Vietnamese and those of English, and provided some implications ... overview of the tones and intonation of the English language is presented In Part IV, some aspects of intonation which are different in English and Vietnamese are addressed, and implications for teaching ... mature, casual, standard, and good (according to Joos’s criteria) Vietnamese is used as the native language and English as the target language The Vietnamese word structure and the Vietnamese...

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