policy and operational implications
DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 1
... Conclusions and Recommendations 18 CPIA 20 Debt Thresholds and Indicators 21 Annexes Debt Indicators 23 Country Performance Ratings for 2003 25 List of References 32 ABBREVIATIONS CPIA Country Policy and ... Allocation System that uses the Country Policy and Institutional Assessment and governance rating of the country concerned The increase in grants has implications for the future of IDA funding ... of public and publicly guaranteed external debt to gross domestic product and to exports, and debt service on the same debt to exports to judge debt sustainability Country policies and institutional...
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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 2
... Income Countries: Proposal for an Operational Framework and Policy Implications by Mark Allen and Gobind Nankani, IMF and IDA, February 3, 2004 Debt Sustainability and Financing Terms in IDA 14, ... balance and payments and budgets, the mix of loans and grants in its future financing arrangements, and the build-up of its repayment capacity relative to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and export and ... discussed above and in Annex These were the PV of public and publicly guaranteed external debt to GDP, exports, and government revenue, and debt service on the same debt to exports, and government...
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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 3
... policies and institutional capability and vulnerability to shocks are other factors identified as being important for assessing a country’s debt sustainability In particular, country policies and ... judged by the absolute amount or PV of debt outstanding as a ratio with GDP, exports or government revenue The second is a weak institutional and policy environment in the country which makes it ... debt distress and the debt thresholds for the chosen indicators are policy decisions that need to be made Footnote 19 in “Debt Sustainability in Low Income Countries” by Mark Allen and Gobind Nankani,...
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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 4
... resources, safety nets; and poverty monitoring and analysis; and • Public sector management and institutions, including property rights and rule-based governance; quality of budgetary and financial management; ... including trade policy and foreign exchange regime; financial stability and depth; banking sector efficiency and resource mobilization; competitive environment for the private sector; factor and product ... criteria used and the CPIA for 2003 • Economic management, including management of inflation and the current account; fiscal policy; management of external debt; and management and sustainability...
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 5 docx
... considerations raise questions of why countries with similar institutional and policy performance as judged by the CPIA and similar per capita income levels receive IDA allocations on different ... allocations thereby weakening the desired relationship between institutional capability and policy performance and the allocation of funds In view of this, IDA management has proposed an upfront ... charges and commitment fees) materialize and upfront charges for grants are levied (to replace foregone principal reflows) it would reduce the need to harden the credit terms for both IDA only and...
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 6 docx
... considerations raise questions of why countries with similar institutional and policy performance as judged by the CPIA and similar per capita income levels receive IDA allocations on different ... allocations thereby weakening the desired relationship between institutional capability and policy performance and the allocation of funds In view of this, IDA management has proposed an upfront ... charges and commitment fees) materialize and upfront charges for grants are levied (to replace foregone principal reflows) it would reduce the need to harden the credit terms for both IDA only and...
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 7 ppt
... System Debt Sustainability in Low Income Countries: Further Consideration on an Operational Framework and Policy Implications, IDA/SecM 2004-0629, IDA, September 10 2004 Ibid footnote 16 7 There ... experience and little applied knowledge (e.g., institutional development, gender equality, and labor-intensive growth) The United Nations has a stronger mandate to work in the political arena and assess ... lending and grants Given the importance of DSAs for each low income country in the application of the DSF and borrowing from the IMF, it is necessary that these be conducted in a collaborative and...
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 8 doc
... credits and grants to low-income countries in ways that foster debt sustainability and achievement of the MDGs Recommendations also seek to address the need for borrowers to claim sufficient policy ... ratings and the inputs expected from and the involvement of national staff in the process There should be opportunities for the Bank to present their findings both to the country concerned and donor ... DSAs and consequently of government revenue in determining debt indicators and their threshold values Similarly, it is also recommended that studies be conducted on determining indicators and...
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 9 pptx
... single year from its earnings from goods and non-factor services c) Public debt outstanding to GDP or GNI ratio compares the total of domestic and external outstanding to the size of the economy Present ... proportion of exports of goods and non- factor services that are absorbed for debt service payments on both long and short-term debt Debt Burden Ratios a) The total debt outstanding to GDP or GNI ratio ... GNI ratio compares the amount of disbursed debt outstanding to the size of the economy b) The total debt outstanding to exports of goods and non-factor services ratio measures the ability of...
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 10 doc
... commitment and public support and participatory processes through which the public can influence decisions Structural policies • Trade policy and foreign exchange regime How well the policy framework ... equal access to entry and exit in all products and sectors • Factor and product markets This item addresses the policies that affect the efficiency of markets for land, labor and goods Countries ... entry and banks’ total capital to assets ratio less than 8% Countries with high scores have diversified and competitive financial sectors that include insurance, equity and debt finance and non-bank...
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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES: POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS doc
... Income Countries: Proposal for an Operational Framework and Policy Implications by Mark Allen and Gobind Nankani, IMF and IDA, February 3, 2004 Debt Sustainability and Financing Terms in IDA 14, ... balance and payments and budgets, the mix of loans and grants in its future financing arrangements, and the build-up of its repayment capacity relative to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and export and ... resources, safety nets; and poverty monitoring and analysis; and • Public sector management and institutions, including property rights and rule-based governance; quality of budgetary and financial management;...
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VIETNAM’S EXCHANGE RATE POLICY AND IMPLICATIONS FOR ITS FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET, 1986-2009 doc
... 1998 and 2001 are taken from Zhang and Liang (2006); Data for Vietnam are adapted from Nguyen Thi Kim Anh and Pham Thi Hoang Oanh (2007) for 1998, 2001 and 2004, and are estimated for 2007 and ... purposes, see Fforde and de Vylder (1996), Nguyen Duc-Tho and Bandara (1994), Nguyen Tri Hung (1999), Vo Tri Thanh et al (2000), Pham Do Chi and Le Viet Duc (2003), Vo Dai Luoc (2004), and Pham Xuan ... conduct of Vietnam’s exchange rate policy has shaped the ways in which its forex market is organized and administered, and draw implications for the market’s level of operational efficiency In so doing,...
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Strategic Environmental Assessment In Policy And Sector Reform Conceptual Model And Operational Guidance pdf
... ASSESSMENT IN POLICY AND SECTOR REFORM FIGURE 1.2 Initial Conceptual Model of Policy SEA: Process Steps, Process Outcomes, and Objective Six steps of policy SEA Understanding policy formation and windows ... Applying SEA in Development Policy and Sector Reform Preparatory Policy SEA Work Implementing SEA in Policy and Sector Reform Environmental and Social Mainstreaming Beyond Policy SEA Conclusion v ... policy and sector reform Consequently, the terms “SEA at the policy level,” policy SEA,” and “I-SEA” are used interchangeably in this report 10 STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT IN POLICY AND...
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the virtual jirga the 2009 education policy and the medium of instruction debate in pakistan who is participating and what are the implications for balochistan
... literature and perspectives from Critical Policy Sociology theory and Social Constructionism were employed The resulting conceptual framework, drawn from linguistics and policy study and referencing ... 2009 Education Policy and the Medium of Instruction Debate Who is Participating and What Are the Implications for Balochistan?, is the result of my original and independent research, and that all ... and demands of different groups because it is a new mode of participation and enables all users to exchange ideas Although Balochistan is the biggest and richest area and mineral wise but stands...
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Rice Land Designation Policy in Vietnam and the Implications of Policy Reform for Food Security and Economic Welfare
... xLand ,k + Land ,t [pLand ,t pLand ,k ] where (r ) (r ) xLand ,t and pLand ,t are percentage changes in the quantity and rental rate of land employed in agricultural activity (t,r) (r ) xLand ... the effective land input, X Land , via the multi-input production function: X Land g X Land ,1 , , X Land , AGGLND(1) (18) where g is a positive function and X Land ,1 ,…, X Land , AGGLND(1) ... Agricultural development and land policy in Vietnam: an overview and theoretical perspective In S P Marsh, T G MacAulay and Pham Van Hung (eds) Agricultural development and land policy in Vietnam,...
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Significant substitutive figures of speech – linguistic functions and pedagogical implications part 2
... More importantly, unlike love and people and even more so than looks and hugs, eyes and arms are concrete, visible and touchable, and therefore seem closer to buyable and sellable items Although ... hire some more hands” or “She’s got new wheels,” which not literally refer to a hand or a set of wheels Instead, they stand for the whole person or object – hand for the whole person and wheels for ... instance, Sherwood Anderson may have well omitted the “ands” in italics in the following sentences in the short story “The Corn Planting.” “He made drawings of fish and pigs and cows and they looked...
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Monetary policy and bank lending
... (L), and bonds (B), and fmances itself with deposits (D) and CDs (C) The bank seeks to maximize: (1) Max rLL + r8B - rC, where rL, r, and rc represent the interest rates on loans, bonds, and CDs ... patterns between shifts in policy and changes in lending and output Unfortunately, the observation that changes in monetary policy are followed by changes in both loan quantities and economic activity ... monetary policy operates through standard interest channels to depress economic activity and to reduce the demand for credit Consequently, there can be an induced correlation between activity and...
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Policy and Protocols for Multivendor IP Networks
... Juniper® and Cisco Routing Policy and Protocols for Multivendor IP Networks Juniper® and Cisco Routing Policy and Protocols for Multivendor IP Networks Walter ... Configuration L1_only3A and L1_only3B Configuration Viewing the Routing Table and Link-State Database L1/L2_3to1 Routing Table and Link-State Database L1_only3A and L1_only3B Routing Table and Link-State ... Routing Policy Notes Some Routing Policy Examples Regular Expressions and Routing Policy Chapter 16 IGP Routing Policies OSPF Routing Policies Setting Metrics on Redistributed Routes Type and Type...
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