... clutter.]A BRIEF HISTORY of the ENGLISH LANGUAGEAND LITERATUREbyJ. M. D. MEIKLEJOHN, M.A.Professor ofthe Theory, History, and Practice of Education in the University of St. Andrews, ScotlandBoston ... Brief HistoryoftheEnglishLanguageand by John Miller Dow Meiklejohn 2 10. +The Scandinavian Element in English. + Towards the end ofthe eighth century in the year 787 the Teutons ofthe North, ... III.PART IV.A Brief HistoryoftheEnglishLanguage and by John Miller Dow Meiklejohn The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Brief HistoryoftheEnglishLanguage and Literature, Vol. 2 (of 2), by John...
... aspect of the diphthongal system is uncertain and subject to fierce debate and the most controversial of these are discussed in Đ3.3.3 in the context of thedevelopmentofthe language. The situation ... 'god'. And in thedevelopmentofthe alphabet it was the name which determined the sound, rather than the sound which determined the name (the initialsound ofthe name was identical to the sound ... scale, and both the changes themselves andthe nature of their interaction with oneanother can help us to a better understanding of various sound changes The place ofEnglish in Germanic and Indo-European-/'...
... areas of historical study; andthe second is the establishment of comprehensive national surveys to study the modern language and earlier stages of English. In the latter thedevelopment of recording ... The Cambridge History oftheEnglishLanguage is that synchrony and diachrony areintertwined, and that a satisfactory understanding ofEnglish (or anyother language) cannot be achieved on the ... collection of historical texts is nowavailable in J. D. Burnley TheHistoryoftheEnglish Language: a Source Book(London: Longman, 1992).Books dealing with the general historyoftheEnglish language...
... this. The treatment of morphology, however, will be rather different: for the bulk of the fifteenth-century developments are of a piece with earlierones, andEnglish morphology by the 1480s ... ou The borrowing of F /oi ui/ is of particular interest, as it violates along-standing developmental principle in English. It is one ofthe rarecases (there are perhaps only two others of any ... two major Middle English developments:(a) the loss of plural concord on the verb; and (b) the loss of the infinitive suffix -{e)n. If we think along the lines suggested in the previous section,...
... #34010] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO 8859-1***START OFTHE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THEHISTORYAND ANTIQUITIES OF THE DORIC RACE, VOL. 2 OF 2*** The Historyand Antiquities Of The The ... derived from the possession of land, also carried on the extensivecommerce of these two states; otherwise the wealth ofthe merchant would soon have exceeded that of the landowner. In the Doric ... IOTA~}{~GREEKSMALL LETTER NU~}); ofthe Athenians, to keep them together. The Argives first effected the union of the boroughs at Mantinea, doubtless not until they had seen other instances ofthe same proceeding,...
... ^-declension. The paradigm of cat, then, would be {cat} ~{cat} +{sj ~ {cat} + {s2}, and similarly for dog and church, by virtue of their membership ofthe same paradigm. On the other hand, the paradigm ... easily observable in Old English, andthe development ofthe present-day system is something which began at the very earliest stage ofthe emergence ofEnglish as a separate language. 3.4.1.2 AdjectivesAdjectives ... also for the later historyofthe language. In terms of Old English, the new phonemes /J,tf,d3/ were introduced, as well as [9] as anallophone of /x/. The incidence and distribution of /]/ was...
... typically dativewith a verb of harming, (dis)pleasing, (dis)believing; and verbs of accusing, asking and depriving typically take the accusative of the person andthe genitive ofthe thing.It does not ... Quirk(1953), then followed by a sequence of papers in the periodical Language over the next decade. Many ofthe papers espousing the traditional point of viewcan be found in Quirk (1968) and many of ... flights.where the Latin is Scipio p/urima bella gessit ' Scipio many warswaged'.In View Ofthe later historyofthe progressive in English, and the replacement ofthe BE + ende...
... represents the exact words ofthe reportedproposition, and when the subjects ofthe main clause andof the complement are the same. It is only occasionally absent if the complement represents the words ... the de-monstrative andthe relativiser that permits the latter to arise from the former in many languages ofthe world. When, as in OE, nomorphological split between the demonstrative andthe ... Jim to paint the kitchen ='She expected that Jim would paint the kitchen'. If the subject of the lower verb is co-referential with the subject ofthe higher verb, thenthere is no...
... Only the meaning of a lexical item ofthe donor language istransferred to the receptor language, when either: (a) the meaning of some lexical item ofthe donor language influences the meaning of ... Scandinavians; on the other hand,there is the well-known popularity of the stone-cross in Ireland, and the influence of Celtic art on the stone crosses of England. Moreover, thereare hardly ... the kinsmen): ' And then they (K) offered their kinsmen that they might depart unscathed. And they (E) said that the same offer had been made to their (K) comrades, whohad been with the...
... 1968:8ff., 96; Marchand1969:15fT.). The basic criterion used here is the derived status of the determinatum andthe function ofthe determinant as one of the arguments ofthe underlying predicate.2 ... monostratal because ofthe nature ofthe OE texts, which allcome from the same type of social group and represent only the written language. At the same time this limits the dimension of& apos; attitude' ... represented, but there is a definite preponderance of the feminines among the Action nouns, andofthe masculines among the Agent and Instrumental nouns; neuter nouns are rare. Masculines and neuters...
... politics and culture as a result of the acts of English kings writing a language that deserves to be called the English language. The best attested of all Old English varieties is the standard ... the best of materials, wide margins, spacious (and uneconomical) hands, and illuminated capitals of subtle and intricate design. The presence of English glosses in these texts suggests that the ... wonder if the Mercian Bede was made for him. Atany rate the nature and style of these texts reinforces our sense of the inter-relatedness of literacy andthe coalition of church and state.Figure...
... Apollonius of Tyre and some saints' lives. The high period of prose came towards the end ofthe tenth century, with the work of the homilist ./Elfric, the acknowledged master of Old English ... master of Old English prose, and of Wulfstan and Byrhtferth of Ramsey, andthe continuation ofthe Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.Much of Old English prose writing was public and official, in a waythat ... technical terminology of Latin. This is particularlystriking in the case of both Alfred, faced with the demands of philosophy and theology, and iElfric, confronting the needs of grammar and science....