... EFFORT AND EXPENSE HAVE GONE INTO THE DEVELOPMENT AND DOCUMENTATION OF SAP2000. THE PROGRAM HAS BEEN THOROUGHLY TESTED AND USED. IN USING THE PROGRAM, HOWEVER, THE USER ACCEPTS AND UNDERSTANDS ... 1 - 2 Overview of the Program 1 Overview of the Program SAP2000 is a stand-alone finite-element-based structural program for the analysis and design of civil structures. It offers an intuitive, ... spans 60 feet, and has a width and height of 12 feet each. The supports are roll-ers at one end, and pins at the other. The trusses and cross members are to be constructed of 2L4X4’s, while...
... Dimensions and tolerances – merge, selection, and snap tolerances; font sizes; zoom increment; and others Design codes and their parameters Colors of objects and results for display and printing ... i.e., as data organized in a set of tables with specified table names and column headings. These data include the definition of the model and the results of analysis and design. Tabular data can ... objects and elements. Groups A group is a named collection of objects. It may contain any number of objects of any number of types. Groups have many uses, including: Quick selection of objects...
... Recently, there are a large number of papers dealing with the existence of solutions ofnonlinear fractional differentialequations by the use of techniques of nonlinear analysis (fixed point theore ... system of nonlinear fractional differential equations. Int J Differ Equ 2010, 2010:1-12.28. Ahmad B, Nieto JJ: Existence results for a coupled system ofnonlinear fractional differentialequations ... existence and uniqueness of solutions for initial value problem of nonlinear fractional differential equations. 2010 Sixth IEEE/ASME International Conference on Mechatronic and Embedded Systemsand...
... biotechnology, and economics. For an introduction of the basic theory of impulsivedifferential equations, see Lakshmikantham et al. 1; for an overview of existing results and of recent research areas of ... problems,”Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, vol. 116, no. 2, pp. 415–426, 1986.41 Z. Bai and H. Wang, “On positive solutions of some nonlinear fourth-order beam equations, ” Journal of Mathematical ... hinged ends and manynonlocal boundary conditions and established excellent existence results for multiple positivesolutions of fourth-order nonlinearequations which model deflections of an elastic...
... Wang, and L. Ge, “Existence of nonoscillatory solution of high-order nonlinear difference equation,” Nonlinear Dynamics and Systems Theory, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 205–210, 2006.33 E. M. E. Zayed and ... behaviour of solutions of second- and third-order nonlinear differential equations in recent years. See, for instance, 1–37 as some related papers or Journal of Inequalities and Applications 7Proof. ... J C. Liang, and D H. Wang, “Existence of nonoscillatory solution of third order linear neutral delay difference equation with positive and negative coefficients,” Nonlinear Dynamics and Systems...
... analysis (FA) and partial differentialequations (PDEs). The firstpart deals with abstract results in FA and operator theory. The second part concernsthe study of spaces of functions (of one or ... They appear in linearandnonlinear PDEs that arise, forexample, in differential geometry, harmonic analysis, engineering, mechanics, and physics. They belong to the toolbox of any graduate ... {x0} and C.Proof of Lemma 1.3. After a translation we may always assume that 0 ∈ C.Wemay thus introduce the gauge p of C (see Lemma 1.2). Consider the linear subspaceG = Rx0 and the linear...
... the general solution of the differential equation. Chapter 0 Ordinary DifferentialEquations 3Principle of Superposition.If u1(t) and u2(t) are solutions of the same linear homogeneous equation ... acknowledge the skillful work of Cindy Smith, who was the LaTeXcompositor and corrected many of my mistakes, the help of Academic Presseditors and consultants, and the guidance of reviewers for this ... follow the derivations of the heat and wave equations. The principal objective of the book is solving boundary value problemsinvolving partial differential equations. Separation of variables receives...
... connected subset Σ of Rn(Σ is the state space and elements of Σ arecalled states) and (b) two C2functionsT :Σ→ (0, ∞)Λ:Σ→ Rn.T is the temperature and the components of Λ are the generalized ... equilibriumB. Examples 1. Simple fluids2. Other examples C. Physical interpretations of the model1. Equilibrium2. Positivity of temperature3. Extensive and intensive parameters4. Concavity of S5. ... Entropy and irreversibilityA. A model material1. Definitions2. Energy and entropya. Working and heatingb. First Law, existence of Ec. Carnot cyclesd. Second Lawe. Existence of S3. Efficiency of...
... an offshoot of the investigation of the corresponding questions for nonlinear waves. The nonlinear problems required a more powerful approach altogether, and eventually the possibility of using ... in pressure, density, and velocity: the blast waves of explosions and the sonic booms of high speed aircraft. But the whole intricate machinery ofnonlinear hyperbolic equations had to be developed ... in gas dynamics led to most of the fundamental ideas in nonlinear hyperbolic waves. The most outstanding new phenomenon of the nonlinear theory is the appearance of shock waves, which are abrupt...
... Lower and Upper SolutionsAnother modification of the concepts of lower and upper solutions concerns the possibility of allowing jumps in their graphs. Since the task of finding a pair of lower and ... of α and β and r ≤ x ≤ 1/r.Therefore Theorem 5.4 implies the existence of a weak solution of 7.7 between α and β. Moreover, since f is positive between α and β the solution is increasing and, ... ε, t0 L, and sinceε ∈ 0,L was fixed arbitrarily, the proof of Step 4 is complete.ConclusionThe construction of y∞ and Step 1 imply that y∞≥ x∗ and the definition of x∗ and Step 4imply...
... 5.6 givesa characterization of a class ofnonlinear periodic problems 5.1a and 5.1b which haveonly one solution. We begin the investigation of problem 5.1a and 5.1b with a uniquenessresult.Theorem ... discontinuous for certain values of the time variable t ∈ 0,T.Thisformoff is motivated by a variety of initial and boundaryvalue problems known from applications and having nonlinear, discontinuous forcing ... in both, the case of intersecting solutions u1 and u2 and the case of separated u1 and u2, there exists an interval α, β ⊂ 0,T satisfying 5.5.Now, by 5.1a, 5.3 ,and 5.5,weobtainvt>at−...
... conditions of Theorem 1.6.4. Examples From the main results of the present paper new and optimal in some sense sufficient condi-tions for the existence of periodic solutions oflinearand sublinear ... one and only one ω-periodic solution. 10 Boundary Value Problems3. Proof of the main resultsProof of Theorem 1.1. Without loss of generality, it can be assumed that h00. On the otherhand, ... Gaines and J. L. Mawhin, Coincidence Degree, andNonlinear Differential Equations, vol.56ofLectureNotes in Mathematics, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 1977.5 L. A. Kipnis, “On periodic solution of...
... prototypes for the development of thebasic theory of the global behavior ofnonlinear difference equationsof order greater thanone come from the results of rational difference equations. For the systematical ... OpenProblems and Conjectures, Chapman & Hall/CRC, Boca Raton, Fla, USA, 2002.2 R. P. Agarwal, Difference Equationsand Inequalities. Theory, Methods, and Applications, vol. 155 of Mono-graphs and ... and Textbooks in Pure and Applied Mathematics, Marcel Dekker, New York, NY, USA, 1992.3 V. L. Koci´c a nd G. Ladas, Global Behavior ofNonlinear D i fference Equationsof Higher Order with...