... orientation. The tilt of LH2 dimers was furtherstudied by measuring the protruding profiles of eachLH2 within the dimer on the basis of the heightdifferences of both sides and the size of LH2’s(Fig. ... Theinset of Fig. 4A shows a scheme of the packing config-uration of dimers. Such a specific arrangement isexemplified in the inset of Fig. 4B, in which the upand down configuration of LH2’s can ... diameter of up to 2 lmand a height of 6.5 ± 1.0 nm (n = 20). Areas of emptylipid bilayer without incorporated LH2’s had an averageheight of 4.0 ± 0.7 nm (n = 20). Already at the lowmagnification of...
... Mg2+as a cofactor, and the binding of Mg2+Keywords atomic force microscopy; protontranslocation; tonoplast; vacuolarH+-pyrophosphatase; vacuoleCorrespondenceR L. Pan, Department of Life ... consistent with those of its cytosolic por-tions, whereas the heights of the higher ones (peak 2)represented those of the GNPs bound to the C-termini of the enzyme (Fig. 6C). The height of the latterprotrusions ... charac-terization of supported lipid films with the atomic force microscope. Biochim Biophys Acta 1509, 14–41.16 Rinia HA & de Kruijff B (2001) Imaging domains inmodel membranes with atomicforce microscopy....
... process was based ona local oxidation of silicon induced by application of a volatge on the STM tip which lead to a highlylocalized anodization mechanism. Atomic force ∗Corresponding author. Fax: ... average resistivity of all heavily doped(1019cm−3) nanowires is found to be 83 m cm, avalue higher by a factor of 14 than expected from thedesign data of 6 m cm (a factor of 7 for the largestwires). ... 1002www.elsevier.com/locate/physeElectronic transport properties of single-crystal siliconnanowires fabricated using an atomicforce microscopeN. ClÃementa, D. Tonneaua; ∗, H. Dallaportaa,...
... Lyubchenko21Department of Life Science, Osaka Prefecture University College of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Sakai, Japan;2Department of Microbiology, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA;3Department of Molecular ... afterdrying it was imaged with an atomicforce microscope in air.Various types of thick protrusions have been observed onpTIR10 DNA. Structural parameters (width and height) of DNA molecules suggest ... on the theme of an intra-molecular triplex. The biological relevance of the structuralfeatures within Pyr/Pur stretches is discussed.Keywords: alternative DNA structure; atomicforce micros-copy...
... the adhesive forceof theimmature BMDCs treated with 10.0 μg/L of GM-CSF plus 10.0 μg/L of IL-4 (B a) or the mature BMDCs stimulated with 1.0 mg/L of LPS (B b). Themeasured adhesion force (352.37 ... study of immature and mature bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) was first performedthrough an atomicforce microscope (AFM) to clarify differences of their nanostructure and adhesion force. ... that the surface roughness of themature BMDCs greatly increased and that the adhesion forceof them was fourfold more than that of theimmature BMDCs. The nano-features of the mature BMDCs were...
... mechanism.IntroductionSince the official publication of the carbon nanotubes(CNTs)imagesduringtheperiodof1950to1990[1],these allotropes have become very promising candidatesfor various applications because of their ... 6:335http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/6/1/335Page 3 of 10NANO EXPRESS Open AccessEvaluation of the nanotube intrinsic resistanceacross the tip-carbon nanotube-metal substratejunction by AtomicForce MicroscopyMaguy ... Sophie Noël2andJinbo Bai1*AbstractUsing an atomicforce microscope (AFM) at a controlled contact force, we report the electrical signal response of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) disposed...
... Characterization by atomic force microscopy of alzheimer paired helical filaments underphysiological conditions. Biophys J 2004, 86:517-525.13. Eaton P, West P: AtomicForce Microscopy New ... Direct measurement of plowing friction and wear of a polymer thin film using the atomic force microscope.J Mater Res 2001, 16:1487-1492.31. Li G, Burggraf LW: Controlled patterning of polymer films ... Open AccessOptimizing atomicforce microscopy forcharacterization of diamond-protein interfacesBohuslav Rezek†, Egor Ukraintsev*†and Alexander Kromka†Abstract Atomic force microscopy (AFM)...
... evaluated.The results of the present work can be of importance inview of the tuning of the morphological characteris tics of the sputter-deposited Au films on mica for various tech-nological applications ... of the correlatedeffects of the deposition parameters on the topography of gold onmica. Thin Solid Films 1997, 300:84.30. Liu ZH, Brown NMD, McKinley A: Evaluation of the growth behavior of gold ... Sarid D: Scanning Force Microscopy with Applications to Electric, Magneticand Atomic Forces Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1994.42. Sigsbee RA: Adatom capture and growth rates of nuclei. J Appl...
... resolution of the OAF, optimal management of complications, including patient discomfort, and good regeneration of soft tissues. Clinical significance: The principal advantage of the use of autologous ... optimal reconstruction of soft tissues and to assure the preservation of the bone graft from epithelial connection. Conclusions: This surgical procedure showed a good stability of the bone grafts, ... Cantore1, Francesco Pettini1 1. Department of Dental Sciences and Surgery, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Italy 2. Department of Dental Sciences, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Italy Corresponding...
... diffraction profiles for the tissue types listed in table 1. Each of the curves is the average value of corrected intensity of samples within its classification. The number of samples of each type ... of their diffraction profiles. 4. Discussion A noticeably shaper peak in the diffraction profile was obtained for adipose compared to other tissues. This is a result of the high levels of ... Effects of storage – In order to study the effects of tissue storage upon the diffraction profiles measurements were made within 1.5 hours of harvesting and then repeated at intervals of two...
... language of statutes. Some characteristics of this French are still found in modern legal English: addition of initial e to words; addition of –ee to 10period of time. The main source of law ... translation of the Law on Investment 2005 of Vietnam. Chapter 3 – Discussion of results and implicationsFindings about the quality of the translation text which is based on the application of the ... use of this ‘cultural filter’ in judging the quality of a covert translation.2.2. Applicationof the modelThe source text examined in this study is chapter II of the Law on Investment of Vietnam,...
... understanding of the lesson.PART III CONCLUSION 1. SummariesIn summary, the study deals with the theories of the role of grammar, students’ motivation, and the applicationof games in teaching ... out benefits of the applicationof games in teaching grammar. The study also gives suggestions of measures to overcome difficulties when using grammar games in class, examples of grammar games ... and the aims of the study, it is necessary to limit the study to the areas which are manageable. Benefits of the applicationof games in teaching grammar create the effectiveness of students’...
... clauses. In terms of meaning (or semantic classification of these), there exists eleven types namely:1. Clauses of time.2. Clauses of place.3. Clauses of condition.4. Clauses of concession. ... Conditional consessive clauses6. Clauses of reason or cause.7. Clauses of circumstance.8. Clauses of manner9. Clauses of comparison.10.Clauses of result.11.Clauses of proportion and preference.Now ... definition and usage of nominal clauses, adverbial clauses, direct and indirect speech. The other section deals with practical applications of these theories in finance- an aspect of business. This...
... in out -of- the-money binary options. The specific details are shown in the table below. Each of our options has a 4% probability of a payout of - 100 CHF and a 96% probability of payout of zero, ... interval of VaR estimated in the case when all of the returns are considered. The same situation can be seen in the case of expected shortfall. However, these are Master Thesis: An Applicationof ... 25 The derivative of the price of the option to respect to the price of the underlying instrument. It measures the sensitivity of the option to changes in the volatility of the underlying....