... energy-transducing network. Protein packing may play a determining role in theformation of functional photosynthetic domains and membrane curvature.To further investigate in detail the packing effects of ... functionalized invaginations of the intracyto-plasmic membrane containing the photosyntheticmachinery. The most abundant protein complexes in the intracytoplasmic membrane are light-harvesting(LH) ... zoomed -in image of theareas indicated by the dashed line in Fig. 1A (area 1). Inset: 3Denhanced close view showing weakly protruding LH2’s (blackarrows) in between the strongly protruding zig-zag...
... species of eubacteria and archeubacteria, and are highly similar(86–91% deduced amino acid identity) [1,3,4]. V-PPaserequires Mg2+as a cofactor, and the binding of Mg2+Keywords atomic force microscopy; ... quantitation of microgram quantities of proteinutilizing the principle of protein dye binding. AnalBiochem 72, 248–254.39 Rea PA & Turner JC (1990) Tonoplast adenosinetriphosphatase and inorganic ... with atomicforce microscopy. FEBSLett 504, 194–199.17 Yuan C & Johnston LJ (2001) Atomicforce microscopy studies of ganglioside GM1 domains in phosphatidyl-choline and phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol...
... of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, JapanWe report here the direct evidence for the formation of alternative DNA structures in a plasmid DNA, termedpTIR10, containing a 0.23-kb pyrimidine/purine-biased(Pyr/Pur) ... H-DNA; intramolecular triplex DNA; poly-pyrimidine/ polypurine sequence.There is a wealth of evidence indicating that shortpyrimidine/purine-biased (Pyr/Pur) mirror symmetrysequences adopt an intramolecular ... alternative DNA structures includingmultiprotrusions, supposedly involving intramolecular tri-plex structure. Intermolecular interaction between twointramolecular triplexes of Pur/Pur/Pyr has been...
... kinase (PI3 kinase)/Akt, and NF-kappaB pathways in the process of D C maturation. PI3kinase/Akt signaling pathways are important in maintain-ing survival of L PS-stimulated DCs. Inhibiting p38MAPK ... induced by tipcontamination in dynamic force mode atomicforce microscopy. Rev SciInstrum 2007, 78:023701-023706.35. Gan Y, Franks GV: Cleaning AFM colloidal probes by mechanicallyscrubbing ... Immunology, Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632, China5Department of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, ChinaFull list of author information is available at the end of the articleXing...
... mixture of ferrocene and xylene (as carbonsource) was obtained by heating up to 750°C for 10min. By thermal oxidation, the amorphous carbon struc-ture was eliminated at 300°C during 1 h 30 min in ... 6:335http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/6/1/335Page 3 of 10NANO EXPRESS Open AccessEvaluation of the nanotube intrinsic resistanceacross the tip-carbon nanotube-metal substratejunction by AtomicForce Microscopy Maguy Dominiczak1,2, ... reactionoccurs in the water meniscus at the tip apex [32], inducingan increase of the measured resistance. Such an effectcould also induce on our samples a local surface modifica-tion, since the...
... William Andrew Publishing-Springer; 2004.doi:10.1186/1556-276X-6-112Cite this article as: Ruffino et al.: Atomicforcemicroscopy investigation of the kinetic growth mechanisms of sputtered nanostructure ... demonstrated, describingtheir kinetic growth mechanism. In particular, the cluster-ing kinetic process has been interpreted by classical mod-els involving surface diffusion-limited ripe ning of three-dimensional ... of the inverse of t he temperature. Thecontinuous line is the fit.Ruffino et al. Nanoscale Research Letters 2011, 6:112http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/6/1/112Page 12 of 13annealing...
... activa-tion of SiNWs is done during an annealing process attemperatures in the range of 300-500°C. The mechanismfor obtaining horizontal SiNWsisguidedbytheliquid In drop which interacts with ... a-Si:Htransforming it into crystalline SiNWs. Figure 1a illus-trat es a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of ahorizontal Si wire of 400-nm diameter which extendsover one hundred of microns. The In ... tool for se nsing currentinhomogeneities that were ob served in horizontalSiNWs pointing ou t an internal microstructure. In addi-tion, local I-V measurements allowed us to put in evidence a...
... Minimizing lateness/tardiness• Minimizing makespan• Maximizing system/machine utilization• Minimizing WIP (work in process)• Maximizing throughput• Minimizing average flow time• Minimizing ... routings. A routing is selected such that the following goals are achieved:• Minimizing number of blocked machines.• Minimizing total processing time.• Minimizing number of processing stepsFour ... Simulation of scheduling rules in a flexiblemanufacturing system using fuzzy logic, IEA-AIE96 Ninth International Conference on Industrialand Engineering Applicationof Artificial Intelligence...
... risk of being left behind.Simply, CRM is a high-tech way of gathering mou-ntains of information about customers, then usingit to make customers happy—or at least a source of more business. ... onbehalf of human users to perform laborious androutine tasks such as locating and accessing neces-sary information, resolving inconsistencies in theretrieved information, filtering away irrelevantand ... irrelevantand unwanted information, and integrating infor-mation from heterogeneous information sources. In order to execute tasks on behalf of a businessprocess, computer application, or an individual,agents...
... scale of some minutes. As in the cases described in Subheading 3.1.2., asoft lever (kN < 0.01 N/m) in combination with a low applied force (<1 nN)will enhance information arising from ... Hansma, P. K. (1992) Atomicforcemicroscopy for high-resolu-tion imaging in cell biology. Trends Cell Biol. 2, 208–212.4. Hong, X. and Lei, Y. (1999) Atomicforcemicroscopyof living cells: progress,problems ... cellsmeasured by atomicforce microscopy: effects of anticytoskeletal drugs and mem-brane crosslinking. Scanning 20, 389–397.20. Kuznetsov, Y. G., Malkin, A. J., and McPherson, A. (1997) Atomic force...
... width increased linearlywith the increase in the number of scratches. The size of the width increased faster than that of the depth.According to Ogino’s report, the depth of the grooveincreased ... tip has three scratching faces as shown in Figure 1d,the inclination angle, θ, is defined as the angle betweenthe directions of scratching and cutting face. In the ca se of the backward direction, ... combination of nano-imprint system. AFM scratching technique takesadvantage of the ability of moving a probe over a samplesurface in a controllable way. By controlling the appliednormal force...