... handled procurement transactions worth more than $45 billion (Fi-nancial Times, November 13, 2001), and in 20 03, the Covisint user baseexpanded by 178% (www.covisint.com). Covisint provides the global ... Dietz, 20 03) .Team-based organizational change programs (such as 6 Sigma, Quality Circles,and TQM) have also been associated with this approach to HRM. Theseprograms emphasize process management, ... such activities that they have no time for higher value-addedservices such as knowledge management, culture management, and strategicredirection and renewal. However, information technology is...