... through the structure The position of the PBG can be determined by selection of proper thicknesses and refractive indices Since we are interested in optical frequencies, the radius of the metallic ... when the resonance energy of the lower levels is within the band gap, the system is in an absorbing state However, when the resonance energy of the lower levels is outside the band gap, the system ... the Hamiltonians of the four-level QD, the QD–field interaction, the PBG reservoir, the QD–PBG reservoir interaction and QDs–QDs interaction, respectively [36, 37] Using Eq (2), the equation of...