... 0.71 Principal-component analysis for cytokines and neuropeptides in synovial fluid from 23 patients with long-standing RA, and for the ESR BN/GRP, bombesin /gastrin-releasing peptide; CGRP, calcitonin-gene-related ... concentrations of three cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, and MCP-1) and several neuropeptides (BN/GRP, SP, NPY, VIP, and CGRP) in the synovial fluid from patients with RA, stratified for early and long-standing disease ... intestinal peptide (VIP), calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP), and neuropeptide Y (NPY), have also been found in synovial fluid from patients with RA [10,16] VIP is a potent antiinflammatory agent...