... control and manipulate terahertz waves 1.4 Organization of thesis This thesis is directed towards to the design, fabrication, and characterization of terahertz metamaterials in 2D and 3D forms and ... Tunable and Broadband Terahertz Metamaterials: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization 66 5.1 Structurally tunable metamaterials 66 5.2 2D hybrid terahertz metamaterials ... the 2D planar metamaterials, (b) image of a 3D terahertz metamaterials tube fabricated at a diameter of 4.00 mm, and (c) illustration of the fabrication process of the 3D metamaterials tube, and...