... levels of proinflammatory cytokines and symptoms of RA, such as morning stiffness [11,12]. Several of these cytokines are highly elevated in patients with activeRA in the early hours of the day, ... drugs at least in rheumatoid arthritis(RA) [1,6]. In addition, mild exercise and training and adecrease in the proinflammatory load – as obtained also by the use of anticytokine therapy – can normalize ... obviouscircadian rhythms, with an increase of activity in the earlymorning hours, abatement during the day, and a smaller newincrease in the early evening [10].A number of articles have reported...