Báo cáo y học: "Expanding access to HIV prevention" doc

... AccessPrior exposure to an attenuated Listeria vaccine does not reduce immunogenicity: pre-clinical assessment of the efficacy of a Listeria vaccine in the induction of immune responses against ... al.: Prior exposure to an attenuated Listeria vaccine does not reduce immunogenicity: pre-clinical assessment of the efficacy of a Listeria vaccine in the induction of immune responses against HIV. ... Ruprecht2,4AbstractBackground: We have evaluated an attenuated Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) candidate vaccine vector in nonhuman primates using a delivery regimen relying solely on oral vaccination....

... VaccinesOpen AccessOriginal researchLongitudinal changes in HIV-specific IFN-γ secretion in subjects who received Remune™ vaccination prior to treatment interruptionKenneth H Huang1, Marie-Pierre ... breadth of HIV-specific responses detected in IFN-γ ELISPOT and intracellular cytokine secretion assaysincreased from on treatment time points pre-TI#1 to pre-TI#2. However, this increase in HIV-specific ... Lapointe N, RoutyJP, Sekaly RP, Conway B, Bernard NF: Longitudinal assessment of changes in HIV-specific effector activity in HIV-infectedpatients starting highly active antiretroviral therapy...

... HIV-1 reverse transcriptase codon 74 in the background of K65R mutation leads to an increased processivity of K65R+ L74I enzyme and a replication competent virusHimaBindu Chunduri1, David Rimland2, ... five independent processivity assayswere performed f or each RT and statistical values thatinclude mean, median, standard deviation and maximum and minimum were obtained. A paired analysis ... [34,38,39]. In an era of combination therapy and the selection of MDR mutations, it is important to assess the interaction among mutations in relation to viral replication fitness and the possible impact...

... APOBEC3G is incorporated into HIV-1 virions and deaminates dC to dU in minus single-strand nascent cDNA within newly infected cells; result-ing in lethal G -to- A hypermutations in the singlestranded ... deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP), associatedwith low levels of thymidine phosphorylase, the enzymethat converts thymine into thymidine [27]. Both dTTP and thymidine phosphorylase levels increase ... receptor, and its members migrateinto tissues that express CXC3CL1, produce pro-inflam-matory cytokines (including TNF and IL-1), and can acti-vate resting T-cells by producing CCR3 and CCR4ligands...

... T-cellapoptosis are observed that does not totally block the production of proinflammatory cytokines [111,158]. The combination of IL-4/IL-13 c ytokines and proinflamma-tory cytokines in the mi ... anti-inflammatory and tissue repair properties. Finally IL-10 has been described as the proto-typic cytokine involved in the deactivation of macrophages (dM). Since the capacity of macrophages to ... and the pro-inflammatory chemokines MCP-1 and IP-10[195,219-224], all of which could contribute to the over-all inflammatory environment in the brain. To furthercontribute to the inflammatory...

... evolution of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in route to acquisition of Q151M multi-drug resistance is complex and involves mutations in multiple domainsJean L Mbisa1*, Ravi K Gupta2, Desire Kabamba3, ... reducedsusceptibility to all nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) excluding tenofovir (TDF). This pathway emergesafter long term failure of therapy, and is increasingly observed in the resource ... thatdrug resistance mutatio n T69N was genetically linked to Q151M MDR mutations and was acquired prior to Q151M. Accessory mutations in the DNA pol domain of RThave previously been demonstrated in...

... control T cells are equally susceptible to HIV-1 in the absence of DC, demonstrating that the DC-mediated transmission itself is impaired, instead of the ability of HIV-1 to infectthese cells. The ... smallernumber of T cells that is tightly attached to DC will result in a decrease of the window of opportunity for HIV-1 transmission. Furthermore, it is likely that the creation of an 'infectious synapse' ... Deficiency type1 (LAD-1) patients. Results: We clearly show that DC-mediated HIV-1 transmission to LAD-1 T cells is impaired in comparison to healthy controls. Furthermore, HIV-1 transmission to T cells...

... not for citation purposes)Reduced susceptibility of EU CD4 T cells to infection by pseudotyped HIV-1Figure 1Reduced susceptibility of EU CD4 T cells to infection by pseudotyped HIV-1. CD4 T cells ... suggesting that the mechanisms of resist-ance in these subjects do not depend on exposure to thevirus but rather might be linked to constitutive factors. It is noteworthy in this respect that heterozygous ... cells from Vietnamese EUs To determine whether resistance to infection was transientor persistent, we tested primary CD4 T cells or PBMCobtained from the five EUs at various times during 2–6years...

... and 40-GCTAGATACCCAGAAGAGTTGGAAG (nt 294–309) for SIVMAC251,AC37-CACTCCCAACGAAGAC AAG (nt 9100–9120) andAC38-CAGCAAGCC GAGTCCTGCGT for HIV-1 (nt 699–708), AC375-TGGGATGAGTATTGGAACCCTGAA ... 292–320)and AC378-AAAAGTCCTCAACAAAGAGACTC (nt 217–239) for FIV, AC292-GCTGTTGCAT CCGACTCGTG (nt60–79) and AC293-CACC GCAGATATCCTGTTTG (nt7975–7994) for MLV ; mitochondrial DNA, 98-GAAT-GTCTG CACAGCCACTTTCCAC ... viral DNA analyzed by semi-quantitative PCR. PCR products were quantified by phosphor imager (ordinate) after southern blot and hybridization analysis and input DNA normalization and are presented...

... cells,blocks to N-tropic MLV and EIAV in human cells werethought to be due to the restriction factor 1 (Ref1) [25],and those to HIV-1 and SIV in monkey cells to the lentivi-rus susceptibility factor ... repeated deoxycytidines (GGon the opposite strand) [72], hA3F prefers deoxycytidinesfollowed by deoxythymidines (GA on the oppositestrand) [4,7].The key step for the anti-viral activity of hA3G ... stability, as well as assembly ofprogeny virions. However, since they do not block theintegration of proviruses into the host genome, they playlesser roles in intracellular immunity. First,...

... HealthOpen AccessCase studyUniversal access: the benefits and challenges in bringing integrated HIV care to isolated and conflict affected populations in the Republic of CongoDaniel P O'Brien*1, ... engagement The introduction of HIV care, initially by an internationalNGO, acted as a catalyst for the MoH and other actors to engage and commit to HIV in the region. In a nationalprogram struggling to ... experienced in HIV management outlining the benefits and the means of minimising the risks of testing were required. Benefits of introducing HIV/ AIDS activities into medical programs'Towards...