... literature. First, we use the Polity IV data (Marshall and Jaggers, 2000), which measures a country’s level of democracy and autocracy and creates an overall measure by subtracting the latter ... Democracy Is . . . And Is Not,”Journal of Democracy, summer 75–88.Shleifer, Andrei and Vishny, Robert W. (1993). “Corruption,” Quarterly Journal of Economics108: 599–617.Sirowy, Larry and Inkeles, ... of a country thatis tropical, as defined by the proportion of the country that lies between the tropicof Cancer and the tropic of Capricorn. This variable has been popularized bySachs and Warner...