Báo cáo lâm nghiệp:"The extreme drought in the 1920s and its effect on tree growth deduced from tree ring analysis: a case study in North China" ppsx

... around the typical steppe. Thus, a tree- ring database covering a broadrange of spatial and temporal scales may provide an alterna-tive approach to assess and understand the stand dynamics of the ... Gansu, Shaanxi, InnerMongolia, Ningxia Qinghai [54], demonstrating to the intensity and severity of the drought in the 1920s in North China. Archives also demonstrated that this extraordinary drought ... four tree- ring chronologies The parallel behaviour of relatively close chronologies(BYAB and XLPI, HHT and JGB) indicated a general regionalsynchronization of tree- ring variations. BYAB and...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp:"Interaction of initial seedling diameter, fertilization and weed control on Douglas-fir growth over the first four years after planting" ppsx

... Ketchumvegetation control treatment and stayed the dominant into yearfour. The three-year vegetation control treatment greatlyreduced the dominance of false dandelion and increased the importance ... classes occurred in eitheryear one or two (Tab. V). The fertilization treatments resulted in an increase in first-year N and B concentrations and decreases in P and K concentrations. No other ... more effective on germi-nating forbs and grasses, of which there were few at Belfair. In contrast, the Orting site was rich in grasses and forbs early in the season and the third-year weed control...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Impact of drought and Hypoxylon mediterraneum on oak decline in the Mediterranean region" ppt

... compositionoccurring in the last decade in central and southern Italy are paralleled by changes in rainfall distribution. H mediterraneum seemsto play a role in such modifications ... Mill on Quer-cus cerris L in central and southern Italy(Vannini and Scarascia Mugnozza, 1991;Vannini and Valentini, 1994).During the last decade, decline of oaksrepresented ... software.RESULTSDecline syndrome began in central Italy in the years 1983-1984. In southern Italy, and particularly in the Gravina area to which the data are referred, heavy symptoms...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Spatio-temporal patterns of the Norway spruce decline in the Beskid Śląski and Żywiecki (Western Carpathians) in southern Poland" pot

... site and stand-related hazards of bark beetle infestation in the High Tatra Mountains as an example for system application and veriﬁcation. Forest Ecology and Management, 207: 99–107.SAUVARD ... basic area units. e assessment of the bark beetle occurrence was based on the mean volume of infested (standing and lying) trees removed an-nually from 1 ha of stands. e classiﬁcation of the ... Armillaria spp. (Table 1). In order to visualize the data and to describe the spatial distribution of the process, a digital map covering most of the research area (ex-cluding the northern parts...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: " Web-spinning sawflies of the genus Cephalcia Panzer (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae) in the Picea abies forests of the Beskidy Mountains (Poland)" pptx

... the taxonomic problem by find-ing appropriate traits differentiating C. fallenii and C. lariciphila, and treated the other connected names of web-spinning sawflies as synonyms, the name C. alpina ... 175 C. alpina 0 1,092 C. alpina 01981 294 C. abietis/alpina 0 117 C. alpina 0 646 C. alpina 01982 382 C. abietis/alpina 421 131 C. alpina 0 1,150 C. alpina 01983 428 C. abietis/alpina 890 342 ... alpina was treated as C. fallenii and thus all former publications related to C. falle-nii have to be considered valid for the species now-adays called C. alpina.e observations done during...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Intensively fertilised seedlings of the beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) for artificial regeneration of the spruce stands in the process of conversion" pdf

... control treatment (application of foliar nutrition only), they all achieved the parameters of established plantation in the same time interval (in 4th year after planting),– the equalisation ... treatment variants including the control satisfy the criteria of an estab-lished plantation.At the time of planting, i.e. after growing in the nursery, the planting material with the application ... material of beech much more quickly. In the technology of growing the containerised planting material on the air layer, the growth of roots is interrupted on the boundary of the container and the...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Some methodological aspects of the National Forest Inventory and Monitoring in Slovakia" pptx

... no), and in the case of the beech also the age and growth area (ﬂysch). In the outputs of the Slovak NFIM, aggregated assortment types will be used, and for monitoring the changes in the quality ... subplots, resulting in a variable area of the sample units.Estimation of parameters of the stand quantitative variableLet us assume that we evaluate the stand quantita-tive variable Y, e.g. ... of the re-sults. e design and conception of Slovak National Forest Inventory and Monitoring were set with the aim to enable providing complex and integrated information about the state and...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Extended length rotation to integrate timber and pine nut production with the conservation of structural diversity in a Pinus pinea (L.) forest" pdf

... samples u a and u a + dwhich distance from each other is within the distance lag cen-tred at d ,andz(u a )andz(u a +d) are the values that the variablez takes at samplesu a and u a + d. The experimental ... considering that the rot infection degree ismuch higher at age of 120 than at the age of 80. In the otherhand, mean annual cone production increases from approxi-mately 40 kg/ha/year, in the case ... obtainingfor each value of basal area a graphic similar to the one shown in Figure 5, that corresponds to the mean basal area calculated from the inventory plots (18 m2/ha). If the site index...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Salicylic acid up-regulates the expression of chloroplastic Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase in needles of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.)" pptx

... causing a condition of rapid soil erosion. Mar-itime pines have also been extensively used in setting dunes as a way of preventing sand invasion on agricultural and urbanfields. By the beginning ... structurally unrelated to the remaining groups; most of them form an homodimer and eachsubunit binds a copper and zinc ion [12]. In plants, Cu,Zn-SODs are mainly located in the cytosol and in the ... Dynal) and used in ZAPExpress™ cDNA synthesis/Gigapack III Gold cloning kits (Strata-gene) according to the manufacturer's instructions. 2.4. cDNA library screening and sequence analysis...

Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Ophiostomatoid fungi associated with the spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, in three areas in France" docx

... by grants from Konkordialiitto and the Halonen Foundation. We thank Jacques Garcia and EevaVehviläinen for technical assistance, Marja Poteri for comments on the manuscript and Joann von Weissenberg ... individuals and in Fin-land, Valkama et al. [37] caught at most 14 000 individuals perseason with a group of three traps during a period when the beetle population was low. In this study the fungal ... resulted in numerous spontaneous attacks on spruce trees in these areas.Pheromone trapping, although done only in Vosges, showeddeclining population size already during the year of beetle sam-pling....

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