... Douangphachanh, Moazzam Ali Phathammavong Outavong, Chushi Kuroiwa University of Tokyo, Japan Phongsavanh Keokedthong, Sing Menorath, Phengsavanh Alongkon University Health of Sciences, Lao PDR SUMMARY ... proportion of births attended by traditional birth attendants (TBA) is only 13%, and births attended by doctors 8%, and nurses 3% and midwives 2% respectively. Because mothers often lack knowledge about...