... 465vs. optimal design, 18Working models, communicating design through, 91Worthas function of time, 38 4, 38 5, 39 0future worth, 39 1 39 3ination and, 39 3 39 6present worth, 39 0 39 1YYears to ... 407 722 Design and Optimization of Thermal Systems Trademarks, 93 Transienceeffect on complexity of problem, 176in mathematical modeling, 135 – 139 and time-dependent modeling, 138 – 139 Transient ... terms of, 438 Volume restrictions, 54Vortex promoter, 550, 551, 552WWaste disposal, 31 and design of environmental systems, 36 of materials, 110 Water bodies, heat transfer factors, 33 7discharge...