Geography and Oceanography - Chapter 26 pot

... Your Generation187 0-1 900 US Railroad system built194 0-1 970 Interstate highway system196 0-1 970 Apollo mission to the Moon195 0-1 990 Cold War, nuclear threat196 0-1 980 Green revolution, ... Arctic Ocean and Sea IceMarine Energy – Wave MotionEnergy generated by waves (Dr Brekken) and tidesSolutions are Clear and ReachableNo fine-tuning yet, but we know how to keep <2°C, and so prevent ... Species – Zebra MusselEverybody Likes a Challenge199 0-2 010 Recognizing climate change201 0-? ??? Mitigation and AdaptationMarine Pollution - DDTLevels of organic pollutants may be low, but...

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... feeding on unlucky neighborsWorms, Amphipods, Sand StarsThe Rocky ShoreOregon Rocky ShoreOregon Algaes - HallosaccionExploring the Tide Pools (and associated geology)◆Shoes with good tread/grip◆Extra ... Feeders on Sandy Shores◆Clams –suspension feeding◆Worms–deposit feeding by ingestion◆Amphipods–deposit feeding on surface◆Sand stars–carnivorous feeding on ... you!◆Be prepared with questions!!!...

... recent and severe events in Most recent and severe events in 1953, ‘5 7- 58, ‘65, ‘7 2- 73, ‘7 6- 77, 1953, ‘5 7- 58, ‘65, ‘7 2- 73, ‘7 6- 77, ‘8 2- 83‘8 2- 83, ‘9 1- 92, , ‘9 1- 92, ‘9 7- 98‘9 7- 98, ... very different fluidsfluids - atmosphere and ocean - in - atmosphere and ocean - in the boundless dimensions of time and space. the boundless dimensions of time and space. Abnormality in ... cyclesSlides from 198 2- 83 El NiñoSlides from 198 2- 83 El NiñoOcean AND AtmosphereOcean AND AtmosphereEl Niño is both an oceanic and an El Niño is both an oceanic and an atmospheric phenomenonatmospheric...

... the western Atlantic–NADW forms in Norwegian Basins■Sinks and is dammed behind sills–Between Greenland and Iceland and Iceland and the British Isles■NADW periodically spills over sills ... and heat-related deaths and ill-health. ■Movement of populations to southern Europe■Need to refurbish infrastructure towards Scandinavian standards.http://www.ipcc.ch/publications _and_ data/ar4/wg2/en/ch12s1 2-6 -2 .htmlIPCC ... products and food production). ■Disruption to winter travel opportunities and increased icing of northern ports and seas. ■Changes in regional patterns of increases versus decreases in cold- and...

... in the tropics?Sea Surface Temperaturesonly 0 -3 0°C world-wideLand: 50°C to -5 0°CSalinity Variations✦Surface salinity follows evaporation-precipitation pattern✦Atlantic Ocean is generally ... radiation➨Requires flow ofheat by oceans and atmosphere➨Surface circulationSalinity VariationsHeard Island ExperimentGlobal Warming faster velocity??Go to SoundsPhysical and Chemical Structure of the ... weekConcept of Residence TimeEach element removed from ocean in different ways And at different ratese.g. Cl - vs. SiO2Ocean Surface Salinity Temperatures with Depth✦Thermocline sharp...

... floor ages and accumulates sedimentsToba (71,000 B.C.) - 3000 times as big as Mt St Helens - - Sulfuric acid and dust blocked sunlight, reducing temperatures 5°C for several years - May have ... 1968)2-month cruisesDeepest hole: 2 kmBut, new vessel will drillto >6km!Volcanic ash (tephra)Mid-Ocean RidgesUniform process of mantle melting, lava freezing - magma chambers - effects ... LithosphereFormation of Ocean Lithosphere...

... ocean1950’s - 1960’s - single, focused high-frequency, short wavelength sound beam–“wide-beam” bathymetry–sound beam spreads out as it reaches bottom–range of depths - fuzzy estimate ... of NOAABathymetry - 3 1970’s - revolution in bathymetric mapping with multibeam bathymetrymultiple, focused, high-frequency, short wavelength sound beams–“narrow-beam” or “multibeam” ... Australia - 8 January, 2005•One sailor killed, 115 injured•30-hour trip back to Guam, crew managed to keep the sub from sinkingCourtesy of Dave Sandwell, Scripps Institution of Oceanography...

... and state institutions, as well as universities, and state and federal agencies and federal agencies♦The emphasis is on interdisciplinary, The emphasis is on interdisciplinary, process-oriented ... Oceanography Composition of sea water and the processes controlling and altering its composition, including marine pollution.Edward Forbes: British naturalist (181 5- 1854)Proposed the hypothesis that no ... on interdisciplinary, process-oriented research and international process-oriented research and international cooperationcooperationModern Oceanography (Cont.)C. Wyville Thompson: British...

... up into rivers and estuaries. • SST sensors will combine the IR and Microwave channels to provide all-weather SST fields with higher resolution. • These satellite data and in-water data from ... year), Wind and Height data closer to the coast and higher resolution; All-Weather SST; Hyperspectral data New technologies collect subsurface data in the water – gliders, AUV. Smaller and more ... field-of-view. Specific Examples Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Perhaps the most „standard‟ measurement from satellites Passive meaurement. Traditionally used infrared (IR) emission - strong...