Chapter 081 Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 2) ppsx

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 2) ppsx

... with pancolonic involvement with ulcerative colitis), the presence of Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 2) Figure 81-1 ... Principles of Cancer Surgery Surgery is used in cancer prevention, diagnosis, staging, treatment (for both localized and metastatic disease), palliation, and rehabilitation. Prophylaxis Cancer ... incisional biopsy is the procedure of second choice. A wedge of tissue is removed, and an effort is made to include the majority of the cross-sectional diameter of the tumor in the biopsy to minimize...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 6) ppsx

... dose of therapeutic radiation exists below which the incidence of second cancers is decreased. High rates of second tumors occur in people who receive as little as 1000 cGy. Chapter 081. Principles ... breast cancer, Hodgkin's disease, head and neck cancer, prostate cancer, and gynecologic cancers. Radiation therapy can also palliate disease symptoms in a variety of settings: relief of bone ... Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 6) Application to Patients Teletherapy Radiation therapy can be used alone or together with chemotherapy to produce cure of localized tumors and control of...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 12) ppsx

... Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 12) Direct DNA-Interactive Agents DNA replication occurs during the synthesis or S-phase of the cell cycle, with ... cause profound myelosuppression, alopecia, and pulmonary toxicity but is relatively "lymphocyte sparing." Its routine case. Thiotepa can be used for intrathecal treatment of neoplastic ... nonenzymatic hydrolysis in tumors and is bioavailable orally. use in treatment of CML has been curtailed in favor of imatinib (Gleevec)or dasatinib, but it is still employed in transplant...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 15) ppsx

... motile and secretory processes occur. Microtubules are composed of repeating noncovalent multimers of a heterodimer of α and subunits of the protein tubulin. Vincristine binds to the tubulin dimer ... refractory cancers. Intravenous administration of 5FU leads to bone marrow suppression after short infusions but to stomatitis after prolonged infusions. Leucovorin augments the activity of 5FU ... clotting function abnormalities. Close monitoring of clotting functions should accompany use of asparaginase. Paradoxically, owing to depletion of rapidly turning over anticoagulant factors,...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 24) ppsx

... targets of T cell killing greatly expanded the possibilities for Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 24) Immune Mediators of Antitumor Effects The very existence of a cancer ... is testimony to the failure of the immune system to deal effectively with the cancer. Tumors have a variety of means of avoiding the immune system: (1) they are often only subtly different ... histocompatibility differences. The main risk of such therapy is the development of graft-versus-host disease because of the minimal difference between the cancer and the normal host cells. This approach...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 1) docx

... benefit. One of the challenges of cancer treatment is to use the various treatment modalities alone and together in a fashion that maximizes the chances for patient benefit. Cancer treatments ... attention to minimizing the toxicity of potentially toxic treatments becomes a significant goal. Irrespective of the clinical scenario, the guiding principle of cancer treatment should be primum succerrere, ... this "organ-like" behavior of tumors may provide additional clues to cancer control and treatment. treatment has the potential to cause harm, and treatment may be given that produces...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 3) pps

... information for treatment planning and may determine the extent and nature of primary cancer treatment. Treatment Surgery is the most effective means of treating cancer. Today about 40% of cancer ... resection of certain tumors that would otherwise not be possible. Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 3) Staging As noted in Chap. 77, an important component of patient ... including local control of tumor, preservation of organ function, debulking that permits subsequent therapy to work better, and staging information on extent of involvement. Cancer surgery aiming...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 4) pdf

... Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 4) Palliation Surgery is employed in a number of ways for supportive care: insertion of central venous catheters, control of pleural ... for recurrent pulmonary emboli, stabilization of cancer- weakened weight-bearing bones, and control of hemorrhage, among others. Surgical bypass of gastrointestinal, urinary tract, or biliary ... multiple hits (Fig. 81 -2). Plotting the fraction of surviving cells against doses of x-rays or gamma radiation, the curve has a shoulder that reflects the cell's repair of sublethal damage,...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 5) ppt

... the target volume is often the cause of complications to tissues in the transit volume, and the minimum dose in the target Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 5) Although ... include the D0 of the tumor (the dose required to deliver an average of one lethal hit to all the cells in a population), the Dq of the tumor (the threshold dose—a measure of the cell's ... basis of the amount of radiation absorbed in the patient; it is not based on the amount of radiation generated by the machine. The rad (radiation absorbed dose) is defined as 100 erg of energy...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 7) docx

... described in Chapter 80, successful tumors have activated biochemical pathways that lead to uncontrolled proliferation through the Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 7) Karnofsky ... providing a basis for patients to make sensible choices. Cancer Drugs: Overview and Principles for Use Cancer drug treatments are of four broad types. Conventional chemotherapy agents were ... connotes disappearance of all tumor; progression of disease signifies an increase in size of existing lesions by >25% from baseline or best response or development of new lesions; and "stable"...

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