... 200 s 3 2–3 8, 2 8–3 2, 2 5–2 9 510 30 s 2 2–2 8, 2 3–2 9, 4 0–4 8 Fast pyrolysis 343 5 s 2 9–3 4, 4 6–5 3, 1 1–1 5 510 1 s 9–1 3, 6 4–7 1, 1 7–2 4 Mild pyrolysis (Torrefaction) 243 1800 s 8 5–9 1, 7–1 2, 2–5 Carbonation ... softwood N. American hardwood Scandinavian pine Scandinavian spruce Rosin acids 42 - 3 0–3 5 2 0–3 0 Fatty acids 47 76 5 0–5 5 3 5–5 5 Neutrals 11 24 5–1 0 1 8–2 5 Separation of soap from black ... four main stages: feeding, gasifier reactor, gas cleaning, and utilization of combustible gas. These stages are in continuous development and differ according to their application. The cleaning...