... omni-directional and a directional antennaused in the backbone network. In general, the local ser-vice antenna has a smaller transmission range, and thebackbone service antenna has a larger transmissionrange, ... 802.16 - Standard for local and metropolitan area networks, Part 16: AirInterface for Broadband Wireless Access Systems (2004)35. H-Y Wei, S Ganguly, R Izmailov, ZJ Haas, Interference-aware IEEE ... itslocalMCs.Weassumethepresenceofsinglechannelmodulation scheme for the backbone. Thus, an MR useseither omni-directional or directional antenna for thebackbone of the WMN. A directional antenna (also called a sectored antenna)...