... of pathogens.Trends Immunol 20 05, 26 :449-454.3. Akira S, Takeda K: Toll-like receptor signalling. Nat Rev Immunol 20 04,4:499-511.4. Dunne A, O’Neill LA: Adaptor usage and Toll-like receptor ... Pistolic J, Powers JP, Bryan J, Brinkman FS,Hancock RE: Modulation of the Toll-like receptor- mediated inflammatoryresponse by the endogenous human host defence peptide LL-37. JImmunol 20 06, ... response.Background Toll-like receptor- 4 (TLR4) is a prominent member of the TLR family of host receptors that recognize micro-bial components in the intra- and extra-cellular environ-ment [1 ,2] . Lipopolysaccharide...