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ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 14 pot

ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 14 pot

ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 14 pot

... 2)/r.This model may be applicable for some situations such as the early growth dynamics of a population introduced into a new habitat or a Daphnia magna population maintained in a laboratoryculture ... a metapopulation by affecting the rate at which vacant habitat is refilledfrom adjacent areas.Box 14. 2 Computer Projections of Metapopulation Risk in a Contaminated HabitatSpromberg et al. (1998) ... of propagules such as a seed bank or dormant stage can produce a “propagule rain” thatbolsters a waning subpopulation and can influence metapopulation dynamics. In such a case, theregional occurrence...
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ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 8 potx

ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 8 potx

... this approach include Cahill et al. (2003), Czuband McLachlan (2004), Gobas and Mackay (1987), Hickie et al. (1999), Mackay (1979, 2001),Mackay and Wania (1995), and Wania and Mackay (1995). As ... transfer to humanmilk. At a subcontinental scale, Mackay and Wania modeled the movement of organochlorinecontaminants in the Arctic. General (Wania and Mackay 1995) and chemical-specific (Waniaet ... of Bioaccumulation and Bioavailability 123the reference compartment and clearances are calculated relative to that compartment. Clearancescan be expressed as volume/time or as mass-normalized...
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ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 12 pot

ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 12 pot

... results but easily explained in a metapopulation context. Also, the loss of a small amount ofhabitat to contamination can have dire consequences if the lost habitat was a source habitat sustainingthe ... sustainingthe metapopulation components in adjacent, clean habitats. Such keystone habitats are crucial formaintaining the population in adjacent areas and some species are particularly sensitive ... et al. 1993, Zakharov 1990). Changes to individu-als can imply changes in vital rates such as described for white sucker (Catostomus commersoni)in a metal-contaminated lake (McFarlane and Frazin...
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ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 15 pot

ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 15 pot

... stages: embryos →larvae →28-day larvae →1-year-old adults →2-year-old adults →3-year-old adults (Munns et al. 1997). Sex-dependent vital rates can be important too but our focus herewill remain ... multiplied by the scalar.Let b be a scalar with value 12 and A bea2×2 matrix:12 A = 12 a 11 a 12 a 21 a 22=1 2a 111 2a 121 2a 211 2a 22.Multiplication of a matrix A by another matrix B is ... Gamma Rays, and BirthMarshall (1962) measured natality in addition to mortality for D. pulex exposed to gammaradiation. Let us add these natality data (Table 15.2) to that already analyzed...
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ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 17 potx

ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 17 potx

... AnimalSystematics and Population Studies, Academic Press, Sydney, Australia, 1986.Robison, S.H., Cantoni, O., and Costa, M.,Analysis of metal-induced DNAlesions and DNA-repair replicationin mammalian ... (NCRP1993).17.2.3 MUTATION RATES AND ACCUMULATIONThe natural rate at which mutations appear varies among genes and species. Rates for bacteriophage,bacteria, and vertebrate species range from 4 ×10−10to ... provided in Table 17.2:aspartate aminotransferase(Aat), adenosine deaminase (Ada), esterase (Est), glycylleucine pep-tidase (gl), hexokinase (Hk), isocitrate dehydrogenase (Icd-I and Icd-2), leucylglycylglycinepeptidase...
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ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 19 potx

ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 19 potx

... information into basic parameters. Models allowed a clearer understandingof contaminant influence on the temporal dynamics of populations than afforded by conven-tional, individual-based methods alone. ... habitats can contain a number of individuals only if a source habitat is nearby and indi-viduals move among habitats. Keystone habitats and corridors for migration among segments of thepopulation ... speciespopulationviabilityinenvironmentscontainingtoxicants. This can be donemoredirectly with population-based concepts and data than with individual-based concepts, models, andinformation alone. Potential contributions to the potential...
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ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 25 pot

ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 25 pot

... disturbance. Multivariate analyses provide a graphical representation of separation and overlap of communities based on linear combinations of a large number of variables (e.g., abundances of ... (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) at two stations in the Arkansas River,Colorado (USA). Reduction in Zn concentration at station EF5 was associated with an immediate increasein abundance of these metal-sensitive ... diversityand stability, it is uncertain if similar patterns occur in systems where diversity varies along naturalgradients. Sankaran and McNaughton(1999) reportresults of astudy of savannah grasslands...
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ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 28 pot

ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 28 pot

... Multimetric approaches are computationallysimple, but are data-intensive and often require a comprehensive understanding of ecology and nat-ural history. These approaches have been especially effective ... contaminants in organismsand attempting to quantify contaminant transport among biotic and abiotic compartments. What isgenerally lacking from many ecotoxicological investigations has been a ... of abundance,species–area relationships, and the spatial changes that occur across latitudinal or elevational gradi-ents, has occupied the attention of community ecologists for several decades....
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ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 29 potx

ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 29 potx

... that radio-active materials moved between biotic and abiotic compartments and accumulated in food chainswas a significant discovery that linked basic and applied ecological research. A readily ... striking aspect ofthis original work was Lindeman’s attempts to quantify seasonal dynamics of vegetation and animalproduction in a small lake (Cedar Bog Lake, Minnesota) and to characterize an ecosystem ... United States, includ-ing Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, were associated withnuclear testing facilities and involved the emerging area of radiation ecology....
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ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 32 potx

ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 32 potx

... watershed, riparian-corridor, and reach-scale characteristics on aquatic biota in agricultural watersheds, J. Am. Water Res.Assoc., 37, 147 5 148 7, 2001.Suderman, K. and Thistle, D., A microcosm ... structural and functional meas-ures contaminant-specific, it may also vary with level of contamination and characteristics of theexposure system.In a comprehensive analysis of structural and functional ... experimental facilities in North America:The Hubbard Brook Ecosystem study area in New Hampshire and the Experimental Lakes Area inOntario, Canada.As a consequence of these early experiments, a large...
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