... 3.3 The trade-off between NOX and smoke emissions for EGR rates at different JBD blends Based on the results, the acceptable limit of EGR is obtained from 5% to 20%. The objective of the current ... optimum trade-off between NOX and smoke emissions. Therefore, as shown in Table 3, the comparison between the effects of EGR rates within limits of 5-1 5% on engine performance and exhaust ... sources of renewable energy; biofuel is one of them, but it is the most important one [1]. Biofuel oils can International Journal of Energy and Environment (IJEE), Volume 2, Issue 3, 2011, pp.47 7-4 90...